人教版(新目标)初中英语八年级下册Unit 4(2)
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【拓展】
instead与instead of的辨析:
(1)instead是副词,后面不接其他的词,一般情况下可不译出,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事。例如:
He didn’t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema.
他没有去学校,相反他去了电影院。
(2)instead of是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是”,后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如:
He went to the cinema instead of going to school.
他去了电影院而不是学校。
5. offer
(1)offer 作动词,意为“给予;提供;提出”。例如:
He offered me 300 dollars for that old car.
他出300美元向我买那辆旧车。
Offer some coffee to the guests.
给客人端些咖啡来。
He offered me a cup of tea.
他给了我一杯茶。
(2)offer to do sth. 表示“愿意做某事;主动提出做某事”。例如:
I offered to help my mother do housework.
我主动提出帮助妈妈做家务。
She offered to drive me to the station.
她表示愿意开车送我去车站。
6. explain
explain是动词,意为“解释,说明,阐明”。其用法如下:
(1)explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。例如:
Please explain that rule to me.
请把这条规则给我讲一讲。
(2)“explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句”意为“向某人解释……”。例如: Please explain to me what this means.
请向我解释这是什么意思。
(3)“explain + that从句” 意为“解释……”。例如:
He explained that we could no longer stay.
他解释说我们不能再待下去了。
【注意】
explain后面不能接双宾语,在接间接宾语sb.时,前面应加介词to,即explain sth. to sb.
7. compare
(1)compare作动词,意为“比较,对照”,常与with连用。例如:
Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下,看看是否正确。
My handwriting can not be compared with my father’s.
我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。
If you compare the two books, you will see that this one is better.
如果你比较一下这两本书,你会发现这一本好一些。
(2)compare作动词,还用作比喻意义,意为“比作”。例如:
Man’s life is often compared to a candle.
人生常被比为蜡烛。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.
莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。
8. push
push作动词,意为“推动;挤;鞭策;督促”。例如:
The little boy pushed the door open.
小男孩把门推开了。
We had to push our way through the crowd.
我们得从人群中挤过去。
The math teacher really pushes his students. That’s why they don’t like him that much.
那位数学老师确实对学生们鞭策过多了。这就是他们不那么喜欢他的原因。
You’d better not push me for an answer to your request.
你最好不要催促我答复你的请求。
练一练:
I. 英汉短语互译。
1.闲逛 _______
2.归还 ________
3.同意某人(的想法) ________
4.与某人和睦相处 ________
5.下次 ________
6.too much _________
7.work out ________
8.cut out_________
9.get into a fight _________
10.play sports_________
II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。
1.She is a ________ (成员) of the golf club.
2.I want to know your o________ about the plan.
3.I think she must be ________ (疯狂的).
4.Don’t ________ (推) the door.
5.Don’t ________(比较) me with others.
6.The radio says that the soldiers will c________ moving on.
7.This is a ________ (典型的) case and let me explain it to you.
8.I can’t go out with you because my mother doesn’t a________ me to go out.
9.Your answer is not right. It’s w________.
10.If you don’t know the meaning of the word, just try to g________ it.
III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Don’t give me too much ________(press) . I’m stressed out.
2.1000 children entered the English ________(compete)?
3.The government did a lot for the country’s ________(develop).
4.I had an ________(usual) experience last night. I didn’t believe it at all.
5.The man is a ________(skill) worker and we should learn from him.
【参考答案】
I. 英汉短语互译。
1. hang out
2. give back
3. agree with sb.
4. get on with sb.
5. next time
6. 太多
7. 解决;算出
8. 删除;删去
9. 争吵
10. 做运动
II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。
1. member 2. opinion 3. crazy 4. push 5. compare
6. continue 7. typical 8. allow 9. wrong 10. guess
III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. pressure 2. competition 3. development 4. unusual 5. skilled
Unit4 重点句型解析
1. Why don’t you talk to your parents?
“Why don’t you + 动词原形 + 其他?”相当于“Why not + 动词原形 + 其他?”意为“为什么不……?”并不表示疑问,而是作建议、询问。例如:
Why don’t you go with us? = Why not go with us?
为什么不同我们一起去呢?
Why don’t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming?
为什么不去游泳呢?
【拓展】
why not用在口语中表示赞同,意为“当然,好啊”。例如:
— Let’s go to the movies. 我们看电影吧。
— Why not? 好啊!
2. I’m really tired because I studied until midnight last night.
until意为“直到……”,有下列用法:
(1)作介词,后接时间名词,在句中作时间状语。例如:
She waited there until 9 o’clock. 她一直等到9点钟。
(2)作连词,后接从句,引导时间状语从句。例如:
We waited until the rain stopped. 我们等到雨停了。
【拓展】
(1)until用在肯定句中,多与持续性的动词连用。如stand/wait/stay等,表示主句动作的终止时间。例如:
I will wait here until you come back.
我会在这里等到你回来。
