人教版（新目标）初中英语八年级下册Unit 3(3)
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（1）本句中的in order to是一个固定搭配的短语，意思是“为了”，后接动词原形构成不定式结构在句子中作目的状语，否定形式是在to前面加not。in order to可以和so as to 互换，但后者不能放在句首。例如：
In order not to be late, you should go now.
为了不迟到，你现在应该走。
（2）in order to+动词原形和so as to+动词原形可以转换成in order that+从句和so that+从句。例如：
He did anything in order to make money.
= He did anything in order that he could make money.
为了赚钱，他什么都做。
Please go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
=Please go in quietly so that we won’t wake the baby.
请不声不响地进去以免弄醒孩子。
3. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. “neither +be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语”表示“……也不”，指后者与前者具有相同的情况，但是表示的是否定意义的相同。相当于一个主谓倒装的否定句。neither 此处意为“也不”，是副词。例如：
Mary doesn’t like singing. Neither do I.
玛丽不喜欢唱歌，我也不喜欢。（我和Mary 有相同的情况，前句是否定句，下文用neither开头，主谓倒装）
如果上文是肯定句，下文表示与上文有相同情况时，用“so+ be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语”。例如：
Mary likes singing. So do I.
玛丽喜欢唱歌。我也喜欢。（我和Mary有相同情况，前句是肯定句，下文用so开头，主谓倒装）
【拓展】
当表示对上文所讲内容的赞同时，可以用“so + 主语 + be动词/助动词/情态动词”或者“neither + 主语 + be动词/助动词/情态动词”来表示。前者用于肯定句，后者用于否定句。例如：
Mary plays the piano well. So she does.
玛丽钢琴弹得很好。她确实弹得好。(表示对上文所讲内容的赞同，前句是肯定句，下文用so开头，主谓不倒装)
Mary doesn’t play the piano well. Neither she does.
玛丽钢琴弹的不好。她确实弹得不好。（表示对上文内容的赞同，前句是否定句，下文用neither开头，主谓不倒装）
4. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
（1）本句中if后面的部分是这个句子中的条件状语从句。在以when，after，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句以及以if，unless等引导的条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表将来。例如：
I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back.
当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。
If it doesn’t rain, he will come here on time.
如果不下雨，他会按时来这儿的。
常见的“主将从现”有以下三种情况：
1）条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。例如：
When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。
2）如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。 例如：
Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake. 我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。
3）如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。例如：
You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 在阅览室时应保持安静。
5. I do not understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.
本句中的make作使役动词，意为“使……；让……”讲时，常构成make sb. do sth. 意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let，have等。例如：
The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。
They made us forget past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。
Their boss often let them work long hours every day. 他们老板经常让他们每天工作很长时间。
【拓展】
make作使役动词，还可以构成：make + 宾语(sb./sth.) + 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth. + adj./n.。例如：
What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。
We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。
练一练：
Ⅰ. 句型转换。
A）按要求转换句型。
1. Could you help me clean the living room? (作肯定回答)
________, ________.
2. Thanks for helping me with my homework. (改为同义句)
Thanks for ______ me ______ ______ my homework.
3. My brother hates cooking at home. (对划线部分提问)
________ _______ your brother hate ________ at home?
4. Could I use your DVD player? (同义句转换)
Could I _______ the DVD player _______ you?
5. She has to do her homework at home. (改为否定句)
She _______ _______ to do her homework at home.
B）同义句转换。
6. I will take care of your sister while you are away.
I will _______ _______ your sister while you are away.
7. She agreed to help me learn cooking.
She agreed to help me _______ cooking.
8. The school will provide free textbooks for us.
The school will provide _______ ________ free textbooks.
9. To swim in the river is very dangerous.
_______ dangerous ______ _______ in the river.
10. I arrived at the theatre early so that I could get good seat.
I arrived at the theatre early ______ _____ ______ get a good seat.
Ⅱ. 根据句意完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 他不喜欢游泳。我也不喜欢。
He doesn’t like swimming. _______ _______ _______.
2. 如果你努力学习，你就能学好英语。
You will learn English well if you _______ _______.
3. 我们将向他们提供吃的和喝的。
We’ll _______ food and drink _______ them.
4. 你拥有的朋友越多，你就越快乐。
The _______ friends you have, the _______ you will be.
5. 这个令人激动的消息让我们很激动。
The _______ news _______ us very _______.
6. 我想星期天邀请他们来参加晚会。
I want to ___________ them ___________ the party on Sunday.
7. 你把你的词典借给我好吗？
_____ you _____ ____ me your _____?
8. 为了不再迟到，她今天早上起得很早。
She got up early this morning _____ ____ ____ ____ be late again.
9. 我们应该保持我们的教室干净整洁。
We should keep our classroom _____ ____ ____.
10. 他们还太小，不得不依靠父母。
They are too young so they have to ____ ____ their parents.
