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人教版(新目标)初中英语八年级下册Unit 3(2)

2020-04-08 15:52:12中考网整理
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  A factory is pouring waste water into the river.

  一家工厂正在向河里倾倒废水。

  (3)waste 作及物动词,意为“浪费”。例如:

  We shouldn’t waste the time. 我们不应该浪费时间。

  3. pass

  (1)pass作动词,意为“经过,传递”。例如:

  The school bus passed our garden. 校车经过了我们的花园。

  Please pass me the book. 请把书递给我。

  (2)pass 作名词,意为“关口,通过”。例如:

  He has got a pass mark. 他达到了及格标准。

  4. borrow&lend

  (1)borrow 意为“借,借用”;反义词是lend(借出)。

  “borrow…from”意为“从……借(入)……”。

  I often borrow books from the library. 我经常从图书馆里借书。(2)“lend…to”意为“把……借(出)……”。例如:

  I lend my book to Lily. 我把我的书借给莉莉了。

  5. depend

  depend意思为“依靠、依赖、取决于”等,只用作不及物动词,通常与介词 on, upon 连用,主要用法有:

  (1)depend on/upon+某人或某物例如:

  Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.

  我们是否去野营要看天气。

  有时可在某人或某物后用介词for。例如:

  Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.

  儿童的衣食靠父母。

  (2)depend on [upon]+从句   例如:

  Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.

  我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。

  The amount you pay depends on where you live.

  你付多少钱要看你住什么地方。

  (3)口语中说 It (all) depends. /That depends.意为“那要看情况”。例如:

  - Are you going too? 你也去吗?

  -That depends. 那要看情况。

  depend on意为“视……而定;取决于;依靠”,其后可跟名词、代词或从句作宾语,on也可以换为upon。例如:

  -When shall we start? 我们什么时候动身?

  -It depends on(upon) the weather. 依天气情况而定。

  He depended on his uncle after his father died.

  父亲去世后,他依靠他的叔叔。

  6. while

  (1)while作连词时,可以意为“当……时候, 和……同时”。例如:

  Our friends arrived while we were having dinner.

  当我们吃饭的时候,朋友们来了。

  (2)while还可作并列连词,意为“而,然而”,表示两者之间的对比。例如:

  I like listening to music, while my brother likes doing sports.

  我喜欢听音乐,而我的弟弟爱好运动。

  7. provide

  provide为及物动词,意为“提供”,常和with搭配。provide sb. with sth.表示“为某人提供某物”,其同意表达为 provide sth. for sb.。例如:

  The Sun provides us with light and heat.

  太阳给我们提供光和热。

  Sheep provide us with wool. /Sheep provide wool for us.

  羊供给我们羊毛。

  8. since

  (1)since作介词,意为“从…以来; 自从…之后”。例如:

  She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。

  She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。

  (2)since作连词,可以意为“因为; 既然; 由于”。例如:

  Since it is late I shall go home now.

  由于时间晚了, 我现在要回家了。

  Since you are so sure of it he’ll believe you.

  既然你对此这么有把握, 他会相信你的。

  练一练:

  Ⅰ.英汉互译。

  1. as a result _________    2. 依靠,依赖________

  3. 目的是,为了_______    4. take care of _______

  5. in surprise _________    6. 倒垃圾_________

  7. come over _________    8. 闲逛,溜达________

  9. provide sth. for sb. _______10. all the time _____

  Ⅱ. 根据首字母或者汉语提示补全单词。

  1. Jack p______ the ball very quickly in basketball games.

  2. I b_______ a book from the library yesterday.

  3. _______ (既然) everyone is here, let’s begin our class.

  4. -Sandy, could you please take the r_______?

  -No problem.

  5. What a _______ (杂乱)!You should clean up your bedroom at once.

  6. The hotel will p_______ free breakfast for guests.

  7. Don’t w______ money to buy something useless.

  8. She lives next to my house. We are n_______.

  9. I like singing w_______ my sister likes dancing.

  10. Nowadays most people have too much _______ (精神压力).

  Ⅲ. 用括号中单词的正确形式填空。

  1. I like to sweep the floor but I hate_______ (do) the dishes.

  2. When did you finish ________ (write) the book?

  3. We should learn to be ________ (independence).

  4. China and India are ________ (develop) countries.

  5. They challenged him about the _______ (fair) of his remarks.

  6. Her mother often ________(help) her ________(fold) the clothes. Look! She ________(fold) the clothes for her now.

  7. My mom ________(get) angry with me when I forgot to clean the room.

  8. I called you yesterday, but you ________(not, be) in.

  9. My friend, Mike, enjoys ________(cook) very much.

  10. -May I use your computer?

  -Sorry, I ________(work) on it now.

  参考答案

  Ⅰ.英汉互译。

  1. 因此,结果  2. depend on  3. in order to

  4. 照料,爱护  5. 惊讶地

  6. take out the rubbish  7. 过来,顺便来访

  8. hang out  9. 给某人提供某物

  10. 总是,反复,频繁的

  Ⅱ. 根据首字母或者汉语提示补全单词。

  1. passes  2. borrowed  3. Since

  4. rubbish  5. mess    6. provide

  7. waste  8. neighbors  9. while  10. stress

  Ⅲ. 用括号中单词的正确形式填空

  1. to do / doing  2. writing  3. independent

  4. developing   5. fairness

  6. helps; (to) fold; is folding 7. got

  8. weren’t  9. cooking  10. am working

  02

  重点句型解析

  1. Could you please clean your room?

  (1)“Could + 主语 + please + 动词原形 + 其他?”这一句型相当于“Could + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他,please?”意为“请……,好吗?”。这两种句型均表示礼貌的请求,语气委婉,客气。其中could在此句中不表示过去,而表示说话人的语气委婉。因此回答时,不能用could回答。例如:

  Could you please help me with my English?

  = Could you help me with my English, please?

  请你帮我学英语好吗?

  -Could I have a look at it, please? 请让我看一看它好吗?

  -Certainly!当然可以。

  2. They should …in order to get good grades and get into a good university.

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