人教版(新目标)初中英语七年级下册Unit 12(2)
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Some of them were playing games. Some were dancing. They felt very relaxed. Suddenly, Liu Ming saw a goat running . He was interested in it and began to run after it for a long time . When he thought of his friends again, he got lost. At that time, a farmer came. With his help ,Liu Ming found his friends again. He thanked the farmer and said "Goodbye” to him.
01
词汇讲解
1. last
(1)last 作形容词时,意为“最后的,最末的”或者“紧接前面的,刚过去的”。例如:
Today is the last day in the year. 今天是今年的最后一天。
I didn’t sleep well last night. 昨晚我没睡好。
(2)last作副词时,意为“最后地”,例如:
I’m the last one. 我是最后一个。
(3)last 做动词时,意思是“持续,继续,维持”等,例如:
The hot weather lasted a week. 炎热的天气持续了一周。
2. as
(1)as作介词时意为“作为”,其后多接表示职业、职务、用途、作用之类的名词。例如:
He works as a worker.
他作为一名工人而工作。
I used one of my shoes as a hammer.
我拿我的一只鞋当锤子使。
(2)as还可以作连词,其后多接从句或介词短语。例如:
All the six students do as the teacher says.
所有这六个学生都按照老师说的做。
3. camp
(1)camp 作动词,意为“扎营,搭帐篷”。例如:
We go camping every summer. 我们每年夏天都去野营。
We walked all day and camped by a river at night.
我们走了一天,晚上在一条河边宿营。
(2)camp 作名词,意为“露营地,度假营”。例如:
Let’s go back to the camp, it’s getting dark.
让我们回营地吧,天黑下来了。
We spent two weeks at camp this summer.
我们今年夏天在度假营玩了两周。
4. sheep
sheep 可数名词,意为“绵羊”,它的复数还是sheep;而goat侧重指山羊。例如:
How many sheep are there on your farm? 你们农场里有多少只羊?
拓展:常见的单复数同形的名词还有:
deer (鹿), fish (鱼),
Chinese (中国人),
Japanese(日本人)等。
5. by
by介词, 意为“在……旁边”, 表示位置,相当于beside。例如:
Our teacher is sitting by the window. 我们老师坐在窗户旁边。
拓展:by作介词的其他常见用法:
(1)表示移动方向,意为“经过”。例如:
My mother goes by the building every day.
我妈妈每天从这栋楼旁边经过。
(2)表示方式及手段,意为“用,靠,通过”。
He makes a living by fishing. 他以捕鱼为生。
(3)与交通工具名词连用时,名词前不用冠词,意为“乘、坐、用”等。例如:
I went there by bike. 我骑自行车去那儿的。
6. tired
tired 形容词,意为“疲倦的,疲劳的,累的”,be tired of 意为“对……厌烦”。tired 的反义词是tireless,意为“不知疲倦的”。例如:
He looks tired today. 他今天看起来很累。
She was tired of watching TV. 她看电视看得厌倦了。
拓展:tiring 指“令人困倦的,使人疲劳的,累人的”。例如:
It was a long tiring day. 这一天让人感到又累又长。
7. stay
(1)stay 不及物动词,意为“停留,逗留”,后常接介词短语表示停留的地点。
stay up 意为“熬夜;不睡觉”;stay up late 意为“熬夜,睡的很晚”。例如:
It’s raining outside, so we have to stay at home.
外面正在下雨,因此我们不得不呆在家里。
Do you often stay up?你经常熬夜吗?
(2)stay 可以做连系动词,意为“维持,保持”,其后常接形容词作表语。例如:
The weather will stay fine for several days.
天气将持续几天晴朗。
(3)stay 可以作名词,意为“停留、逗留”。例如:
During my stay in Beijing, I had a good time.
我在北京逗留期间玩的很高兴。
8. shout
(1)shout 作动词,意为“呼喊(叫),大声说,叫嚷”。shout at意为“冲……大声嚷”,方式比较粗鲁;shout to意为“朝……喊”,常因为距离远或者周围嘈杂而喊,目的让对方听见。例如:
She shouted at the old man. 她大声呵斥那老人。
He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人喊。
(2)名词,意为“呼喊,叫喊”。例如:
What a terrible shout! 多可怕的叫喊声!
9. put up
put up意为“搭建,搭起”,着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度的具体的物体。在口语中set up与build也有此意。例如:
It’s going to rain. Let's put up the tent.
天要下雨了,我们把帐篷搭起来吧。
拓展:put up还可意为“挂起,张贴;举起;抬起”之意。例如:
Please help me put up the picture.
请帮我挂起这幅画。
If you know the answer, please put up your hands.
如果知道答案,请举手。
10. surprise
(1)surprise 作名词,意为“惊奇,惊讶, 惊喜”,作抽象名词时通常不可数,也可以具体化变为可数名词;get a surprise意为“吃惊”。例如:
He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到让我吃惊。
(2)surprise 作动词,意为“使……吃惊/震惊”,后面常接人作宾语。例如:
The news surprised us greatly. 这条消息使我们大为吃惊。
11. move
move的用法比较多,现总结如下:
(1)move可作及物动词,意为“移动、搬动、使改变位置(或姿势)”。例如:
He moved the sofa to the left. 他把沙发移到左边。
(2)move作及物动词,还可意为“感动、鼓动、激动”。例如:
The speech moved them to tears.
那场演说把他们感动得落泪。
(3)move还可作不及物动词,意为“离开、动身迁移、搬家”。例如:
He moved his family to a smaller house.
他把家搬到一个较小的房子里。
注意:
搬到某地常用move to + 地点,但当副词作地点状语时,此时可省略掉to。
拓展:
move house搬家
move to Paris搬到巴黎
move in搬进,迁进
move on 继续前进
12. wake up&wake…up
wake up
wake up 意为“醒来”,是不及物动词词组,其后不能接表示人的名词或者代词。例如:The students usually wake up early. 学生们通常醒的很早。
wake…up
wake sb. up 意为“把某人叫醒”,是指一方把另一方叫醒或者吵醒,wake和up之间加表示人的名词或者代词。例如:
Don’t wake your father up. He’s too tired. 不要把你父亲吵醒。他太累了。
练一练:
Ⅰ. 英汉互译。
1. 大声叫嚷__________
2. go to the cinema__________
3. give back________
4. 周末愉快_________
5. 当导游__________
6. kinds of________
7. 打羽毛球_________
8. 跑开_________
9. go boating
Ⅱ. 根据句意、汉语意思或首字母提示补全单词。
1. He works in a factory a______ a manager.
2. He was taking a walk in the park when he heard the s______ “Help! Help me!”from the lake.
3. What time do you w______ up every day?
4. The children p______ up a tent by the river.
5. Where did you go l______ Sunday?
6. She was so badly hurt that she couldn’t m______ any longer.
7. We went to the b______ yesterday, and I saw the beautiful sea.
8. My father can speak three l________.
9. There are some tigers in the f_______.
10. The m_______ in the old house are noisy at night.
Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. They went ______ (camp) last weekend.
2. There are a lot of ______ (visit) in Beijing.
3. I was very_______ (surprise) at the news.
4. He is much too _____ (tire) after hard work.
