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人教版(新目标)初中英语七年级下册Unit 7(2)

2020-04-08 15:39:11中考网整理
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  注意:表示下雨时,可以用rain的不同形式来表达。例如:

  (1)There was a heavy rain during the night. (rain作不可数名词,意为“雨”)夜间下了一场大雨。

  (2)It is rainy in Beijing. (rainy是rain的形容词形式,意为“下雨的”)

  = It is raining in Beijing. (rain 作动词)北京在下雨。

  2. windy

  windy是wind的形容词形式,意为“多风的”,是名词wind加y变来的形容词。英语中,许多表天气的名词后加y,可以变成相应的形容词。例如:

  cloud(云) +y→cloudy 多云的    sun (太阳) + n +y→sunny (晴朗的)

  rain(雨) + y→rainy(下雨的)     snow(雪) + y→snowy (下雪的)

  3. cook

  cook作及物动词,意为“烹调”,其后可接三餐或具体的某种菜肴作宾语,也可作不及物动词。例如:

  My mother cooks breakfast for me every morning.

  妈妈每天早上给我做早饭。

  She’s cooking now. 她正在做饭。

  拓展:

  (1)cook 作名词,意为“厨师”。例如:

  His uncle is a good cook. 他的叔叔是一个好厨师。

  (2)cook 后加-er,构成cooker,是可数名词,意为“厨具”。例如:

  There are all kinds of cookers in the supermarket.

  超市里有各种各样的厨具。

  4. message

  message 意为“消息,信息”。take a message 意为“捎个口信”;leave a message 意为“留个口信”;send a message 意为“发送信息”。例如:

  Can I take a message for him?

  我能给他捎个口信吗?

  He sent a message to me yesterday.

  他昨天给我发了一条信息。

  5. back

  back 副词,意为“回来”或者“回原处”。call sb. back 意为“给某人回个电话”。例如:

  I’ll call (you) back. 我将(给你)回电话。

  (1)back 还可以和其他一些动词一起构成短语动词,如:

  be back (返回),come back (回来), go back (回去),

  get back (返回), bring back (拿回来)等。

  例如:It’s September now. We are all back at school. 现在是九月,我们都回到了学校。

  When are you coming back? 你什么时候回来?

  (2)back 作名词,意为“后背”,“后面”或“后部”。例如:

  Do you know the little boy on his back?

  你认识他背上的那个小男孩吗?

  There is a blackboard at the back of our classroom.

  我们教室后面有一块黑板。

  (3)back 作形容词,意为“后面的”。

  There is a picture on the back wall.

  后墙上有张图画。

  6. dry

  (1)dry作形容词, 意为“干燥的”,其反义词为“潮湿的”。例如:

  This coat will keep you dry in the rain.

  这件外套将使你在雨中不被淋湿。

  (2)dry 作动词,既可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词,意为“使干燥,弄干,变干”。例如:

  Don’t cry! Dry your eyes.

  别哭了!擦干眼泪。

  The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun.

  湿衣服在阳光下很快就会干。

  7. cold&hot; warm&cool

  (1)cold 寒冷的,冷的; 它的反义词是hot,意为“炎热的”;在句子中做定语或者表语;常用来描述天气。例如:

  It’s hot today. 今天天气炎热。

  On a cold night, we stayed at home and watched TV.

  在一个寒冷的夜晚,我们呆在家里看电视。

  (2)warm 意为“暖和的”,cool意为“凉爽的”;这是也是一组反义词,常用来描述天气;也常用来做定语或者表语。例如:

  It’s warm in spring and cool in autumn.

  春天天气暖和,秋天天气凉爽。

  注意:cool 还可以用形容词,还有“酷的,绝妙的”之意。用来赞美人、物或者事。例如:

  He looks cool in his new T-shirt.

  他穿上新T恤看上去很酷。

  8. sit&seat

  二者均可表示“坐”,sit是不及物动词,主语是人;seat是及物动词,主语是人时,表示“使……坐下”,宾语常是反身代词;主语是处所时,表示“能坐多少人”。例如:

  She sits alone in her room.

  她独自坐在房间里。

  Our classroom can seat fifty students.

  我们教室能坐50个学生。

  9. vacation

  vacation 意为“假期”,on a vacation 意为“度假”。例如:

  In summer, we often go to the mountains on a vacation.

  夏天我们经常去山里度假。

  拓展:vacation&holiday

  vacation

  “假期”,指放下工作和学习的一段较长的休息时间,常可以用holiday替换。

  holiday

  “假日,休息日”,主要指按风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日或休息日。在英式英语中,其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的“假期”,美式英语则习惯用单数。

  10. hard

  hard副词,意为“努力地,辛苦地”,常放在动词后面修饰动词。例如:

  They are studying hard. 他们在努力学习。

  hard 还可以作形容词,意为“困难的,艰难的”时,与difficult同义,与easy相反;意为“硬的,牢固的”,与soft相对;hard还可以意为“严的,严厉的”。例如:

  The stone is hard. 石头很硬。

  Don’t be too hard on her—she’s very young.

  别对她太严厉了——她还小呢。

  11. mountain&hill

  mountain

  指陡峭连绵的高山

  the Taihang Mountains   太行山脉

  hill

  指较低矮的小山或丘陵

  It’s easy to climb a   hill but difficult to climb a mountain. 爬小山很容易,但爬大山很难。

  12. country

  (1) country 名词,意为“国,国家”。复数形式是countries。例如:

  This is a beautiful country.

  这是一个美丽的国家。

  Chinais a big country.

  中国是一个大国。

  (2)country 作名词,还可以指“农村,乡下”,相当于countryside, 前面常用定冠词the。例如:

  My grandparents live in the country.

  我的爷爷奶奶住在农村。

  练一练:

  Ⅰ. 英汉互译。

  1.玩儿电脑游戏________  2. at/in the park_______ 3. right now_______

  4. 喝橘子汁________     5. write to sb.________  6. 打篮球_______

  Ⅱ. 根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。

  1. How’s the w_______ inBeijing?

  2. It often s______ in the north ofChinain winter and the weather is very cold.

  3. They are inFranceon v______.

  4. It’s too h_______. Let’s go swimming.

  5. She is sitting at the b______ of the classroom.

  6. My mother is c_______ in the kitchen.

  7. There is a m______ for you from your cousin.

  8. Study h______ and you can pass the test.

  9. China is a large c_______.

  10. Your coat is wet. You can make it d______ in the sun.

  Ⅲ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。

  1. It’s a ______ (rain) day.

  2. That _______ (sound) bad.

  3. Look! It is ______ (snow).

  4. Hello! Lily ______ (speak).

  5. I don’t know the time. My watch doesn’t ______ (work).

  Ⅳ.选词填空。

  1. He is a _____. He is ______ dinner now. ( cooking/cook/cooker)

  2. He can’t answer so difficult ______ (problems / questions)

  3. In a park, _______ children are playing in the snow. (some of / some)

  4. He has only _____ sister. She is reading ______ book now.(a/one)

  5. I’m ______ English and I’m ______ a lot from my teacher. (studying/learning)

  6. I want to know the time but my watch isn’t ______ .(going / working)

  7. Have a ______ (sit/seat) please.

  8. Climbing the high_______(hill/mountain) is not easy.

  9. The ______ is shinning. It’s ______ (sunny/sun).

  10. It often ______ (is raining / rains) in summer in my hometown.

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