2013天津中考备战指南:初中英语语法易错点解析
2012-12-03 13:10:22.
[第一类]名词类
1.这些女老师们在干什么?
[误]What are the woman teachers doing?
[正]What are the women teachers doing?
[析]在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man,woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men,women。
2.房间里有多少人?
[误]How many peoples are there in the room?
[正]How many people are there in the room?
[析]people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。
3.我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误]I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son。
[正]Iwant to buy two bottles of milk for my son。
[析]表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a/an或数词+表量的可数名词+of+不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
[第二类]动词类
4.你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误]What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正]What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析]借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5.琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。
[误]Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this eveningshe watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but thisevening she is watching TV.
[析]在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often,usually,sometimes等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am/is/are)+ving形式构成。
6.这双鞋是红色的。
[误]This pair of shoes are red.
[正]This pair of shoes is red.
[析]在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。
[第三类]代词类
7.这张票是她的,不是我的。
[误]This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正]This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析]物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8.吴老师教我们英语。
[误]Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正]Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析]teach sb.sth。。中的sb。作teach的宾语,因此当sb。为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。
[第四类]介词类
9.你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误]Can you find the answer of this question?
[正]Can you find the answer to this question?
[析]英语中用“the answer to…”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。
10.格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误]Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正]Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析]表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on。
11.那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误]That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher's daughter.
[正]That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher'sdaughter.
[析]用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。
[第五类]副词类
12.莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误]Lily,why don't you go to home?
[正]Lily,why don't you go home?
[析]come,go等后接here,there,home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。
[第六类]连词类
13.我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误]I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. andhistory.
[正]I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. orhistory.
[析]在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。
[第七类]冠词类
14.乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误]It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正]It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析]1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the+姓氏复数”;
2.our一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用anhour;
3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
[第八类]句法类
15.――你不是学生吗?――不,我是学生。
[误]――Aren’t you a student? ―― No,Iam。
[正]――Aren’t you a student? ―― Yes,Iam。
[析]对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。