二、短暂动词与延续性动词

　　短暂性动词也称做终止性动词、非延续性动词或瞬间动词，表示动作不能延续，只是一瞬间就结束的动作。

　　常见的短暂性动词有：come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, become, borrow, get up等。

　　1、用法：

　　１）它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结果还存在。

　　例句： He has come back. The film has begun.

　　2）这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时间的状语来修饰。

　　例句：I haven’t heard from Uncle Wang for a long time.

　　3）还可改用一般过去时来表达。

　　He came back a week ago.

　　4）也可用“It is﹢一段时间﹢since…”句型来表达。

　　It is a week since he came back.

　　3、非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：

　　1）用相应的延续性动词：

　　buy --- have

　　borrow --- keep

　　put on --- be on

　　catch/get a cold --- have a cold

　　come/go/become --- be

　　2）转换成 be﹢名词：

　　join the Party --- be a Party member

　　join the army --- be a soldier

　　go to school --- be a student

　　3）转换成be + 介词短语：

　　go to school --- be in school

　　join the army --- be in the army

　　4）转换成be + adj.：

　　die --- be dead

　　finish --- be over

　　begin/start --- be on

　　leave --- be away (from)

　　close --- be closed

　　open --- be open

　　fall asleep --- be asleep