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中考英语被动语态学习小结

2011-07-13 17:07:50佚名

  英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态,我们可以从以下方面进行小结:

  一、被动语态的时态及结构(以动词do为例)

  结构:主语 + be + 过去分词

  时态:1. 一般现在时: am (is, are) done.

  2.带情态动词的被动语态:must (can, may, should, need, would) be done

  3. 一般过去时: was (were) done

  * 4. 一般将来时: will (shall) be done

  * 5. 现在进行时: am (is, are) being done

  6. 现在完成时: have (has) been done

  二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。

  1.主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)

  此结构不可用被动语态。

  (正) The flowers smell sweet.

  (误) The flowers are smelt sweet.

  2.主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)

  此结构不可变被动语态。

  (正) An accident happened last night.

  (误) An accident was happened last night.

  3.主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)

  (1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语

  Children often sing this song

  This song is often sung by children.

  (2)将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时,不可将介词或副词去掉。

  We should listen to the teachers carefully.

  The teachers should be listened to carefully.

  4.主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)

  (1).将表人的间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。

  He showed us a picture .

  We were shown a picture.

  (2).将指物的直接宾语变为主语,要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.

  常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等

  常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等

  A picture was shown to us.

  A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.

  5. 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)

  如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等,后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时,变被动语态时要加上“to” 。

  I saw him fall off the tree.

  He was seen to fall off the tree.

  6. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态,系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态。 I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。

  *7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The woman's clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells best.这本书很畅销.

  被动语态专项练习1

  

  一、选择题

  ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

  A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build

  ( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

  A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened

  ( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

  A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow

  ( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.

  A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited

  ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.

  A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives

  ( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

  A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted

  ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

  A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done

  ( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.

  A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made

  ( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.

  A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws

  ( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.

  A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn

  ( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.

  A.isn't sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent D.wasn't sent

  ( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

  A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used

  ( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

  A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known

  ( )14.I ____ in summer.

  A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born

  ( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

  A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent

  ( )16.Who _____ this book _____?

  A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written

  ( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.

  A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to

  ( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

  A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us

  ( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

  A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump

  ( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair.

  A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put

  ( )21.Older people ____ well.

  A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after

  ( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully.

  A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened

  二、把下列句子改写成被动语态

  1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________

  2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________

  3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. __________________________________

  4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________

  5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________

  6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________

  7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________

  8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________

  9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_________________________

  10.How many desks do they buy every term?__________________________________

  11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________

  12.Granny told us a story last night. __________________________________

  13.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________

  14.He didn't buy anything there before he left.____________________________

  15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?__________________________________

  16.When did she cook supper yesterday? __________________________________

  17.Where did she make them? __________________________________

  18.Whose ruler did you borrow? __________________________________

  19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________

  20.They can't mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________

  21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________

  22.You may take it back home. __________________________________

  23.May I look after the baby at home? __________________________________

  24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_________________________________

  25.Can you mend this radio here? __________________________________

  被 动 语 态 练 习 2

  一、 将下列句子变为被动语态,每空一词。

  1. We can finish the work in two days.

  The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.

  2. They produce silk in Suzhou.

  Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.

  3. The children will sing an English song.

  An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.

  4. You needn't do it now.

  It ____ _____ _____ by you now.

  5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.

  A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.

  6. Peole use metal for making machines.

  Metal ____ ____ for making machines.

  7. He made me do that for him.

  I ____ ____ ____ that for him.

  8.I have given this book to the library.

  This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.

  9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?

  ____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?

  10.We'll put on an English play in our school.

  An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.

  11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.

  Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.

  12.My brother often mends his watch.

  His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.

  13.We must water the flowers every day.

  The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.

  14.They use knives for cutting things.

  Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.

  15.He made the farmers work for a long time.

  The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.

  16.Did he break the window yesterday?

  ____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday?

  17.They have sold out the light green dresses.

  The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out.

  18.We clean the classroom every day.

  The classroom ____ ____ every day.

  19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.

  Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.

  20.You can dig a hole in the earth.

  A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

  二、 用动词的正确语态填空。

  1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

  2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.

  3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.

  4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.

  5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of?

  It _______________(make) of metal and wood.

  6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.

  7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library?

  8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.

  9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.

  10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already.

  11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.

  12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.

  13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.

  14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling.

  15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985.

  16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here.

  17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day.

  18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang.

  19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school.

  20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927.

  21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French.

  22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city?

  23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet?

  Yes, I _______(see) it last week.

  24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980

  25. Listen! Someone _________(sing).

  26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.

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