常见句型

1、宾语从句中

当主句动词采用一般过去时的时候，其宾语从句中的谓语动词如果原本该用一般将来时的，但要改为过去将来时。这种用法主要出现在间接引语中。

I asked the man opposite if he would open the door.

我问对面的人他愿意不愿意开门。

I always said he would wind up in jail.

我常说他到头来非进监狱不可。

2、虚拟条件句中

在if引导的虚拟条件句中，其主句动词往往要采用would do的用法。

If he were you, he would reconsider my proposal.

他要是你，他会重新考虑我的建议。

He would pass out if he took one more drink.

要是他再喝一杯酒的话，他就会醉倒了。

3、as if/though引导的虚拟语气句型中

as if/though表示好像，其引导的从句谓语动词要采用虚拟语气，所以有的句子就要采用would do的用法。

I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.

我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。

He felt as though he would faint out.

他感觉彷佛要昏过去了。

4、would rather句型中

would rather do表示宁愿做什么。

We would rather die than surrender.

我们宁死而不投降。

I would rather die than live in disgrace.

我宁可死，也不愿忍辱偷生。

5、would like to句型中

would like to do表示想要做什么。

I would like to have a word with you.

我想同你说句话。)

Many people would like to take holidays abroad.

许多人愿意到国外度假。

典型错例分析

1. 我们不知道他是否要在会上发言。

误：We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.

正：We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.

析：该句主句为过去时，且宾语从句表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作，所以从句要用过去将来时态。

2. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。

误：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up.

正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.

析：在时间状语从句中，常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。

3. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去农场。

误：They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.

正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday.

析：在条件状语从句中，也常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。

4. 王林打电话告诉她妈妈，她要买一些书。

误：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.

正：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.

析：过去将来时可以由"助动词should/would+动词原形"构成，但should一般只用于第一人称。而would可用于各种人称。

5. 上次我见到你时，你正打算开始乘火车去西藏。

误：Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train.

正：Last time I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train.

析：last time是一般过去时或过去将来时的显著标志。

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