2024年中考英语考点之过去进行时
过去进行的结构
肯定句：主语+ was / were + 现在分词.
I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。
We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。
否定句：主语+was/were not + 现在分词.
I wasn’t walking down the street when a UFO landed.
疑问句：Was/Were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + was/were not + 主语 + 现在分词?
What were you doing when a UFO landed?
过去进行时的标志词
at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
At that time she was writing a book.
那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)
过去进行时的用法详解
(1) 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time, yesterday等。
I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.
(2)叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作，通常用While。
I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.
(3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作。
They were expecting you yesterday, but you didn’t turn up.
过去进行的特殊用法
1. 表示临时性
即表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况，这种情况通常不会长期如此。
It happened while I was living in Paris last year. 这件事发生于去年我住在巴黎的时候。学科&网
2. 表示计划
即表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下，通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。
He said that his sister was getting married next December. 他说他妹妹12月结婚。
用arrive, come, go, leave, take off等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排，也通常含有将来意义。
He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。
She knew the plane was taking off in five minutes. 她知道五分钟后飞机就要起飞了。
3. 表示委婉语气
动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。
I was hoping you would give me some advice. 我希望你给我出点主意。
Good morning. I was wondering if you had two single rooms.
早上好，我不知道你们是否有两个单人间。
一般过去时也有类似用法，相比之处，一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的，而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。
4. 表示重复
过去进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用，强调动作的不断重复的。
They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。
注意：现在进行时也有类似用法，但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作，而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。
过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
区别一：过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。
He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)
He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)
区别二：表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时。
I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。
区别三：一般过去时与 always, constantly, forever, continually 等连用，表示"过去经常性、习惯性的动作";而过去进行时与 always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常带有感情色彩。
He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。
He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。
区别四：有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的;而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。
I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。
I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议。
跟踪训练
1. He said he ________ for Beijing the next day.
A. will leave B. is leaving
C. was leaving D. has been leaving
2. When we got off the train this morning, it ________ heavily.
A. rains B. rained C. is raining D. was raining
3. —Why were you late for the speech?
—I ________ when my friend dropped by.
A. left B. was about to leave C. have left D. had left
4. —Why was it so noisy on the fourth floor just now?
—Oh, I forgot to tell you. Many children ________ Ann’s birthday there.
A. celebrated B. are celebrating C. were celebrating D. have celebrated
5. —I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.
—Oh, sorry. I ________ with my cousin in the supermarket.
A. shopping B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop
6. Tom _______in the river when he suddenly heard "Help! Help!"
A. has swum B. will swim C. swam D. was swimming
7. My parents ________ when I got home yesterday.
A. Cooked B. cooks C. were cooking D. are cooking
8. I ________ the streets in our neighborhood this time yesterday when you called me.
A. was cleaning B. have cleaned
C. am cleaning D. would clean
9. —Did you sleep well last night?
—Far from that! One of my neighbors ________ music pretty loud.
A. plays B. was playing C. is playing D. would play
10. —Did you see a girl in red pass by just now?
—No, sir. I ________ my car.
A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing
真题再现
1. (2018 • 甘肃白银中考)She ________ an English magazine when I came in.
A. reads B. had read C. will read D. was reading
2. (2018 • 徐州中考)Linda was busy when I went to see her yesterday. She ________ for an exam.
A. will study B. was studying C. has studied D. is studying
3. (2018 • 四川乐山中考)—Did you watch the basketball match on TV last night?
—I wanted to, but my father ________ his favorite TV program.
A. watched B. was watching C. watches
4. (2018浙江温州中考)John ________ so hard on his project that he didn’t notice his mom enter the room.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. will work
5. (2018 • 苏州中考)—Why are you so late today?
—Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop.
A. am waiting B. waited C. have waited D. was waiting
6. (2018 • 内蒙古通辽中考)My mother ________ dinner when I got home yesterday.
A. has cooked B. was cooking C. will cook D. cooks
7. (2018 • 山东临沂) They ________ about a comedy this time yesterday.
A. were talking B. are talking C. have talked D. will talk
8. (2018 • 凉山州中考)—Did you hear the strange noise next door at around 10 o'clock last night?
—No. I ________ my favorite music in my bedroom.
A. listen B. listened to C. was listening to D. am listening to
9. (2018 • 云南中考)Jack ________ a shower when his mother rang him up.
A. takes B. has taken C. is taking D. was taking
10.(2017﹒四川成都)—Did you hear someone knock at the door just now?
—Sorry. I ________ to my friend on the phone.
A. was talking B. talked C. am talking
11.(2017﹒上海)Some exchange students ________ with their host families this time yesterday.
A. are chatting B. will chat C. were chatting D. have chatted
12.(2017﹒湖北随州)—Did you watch the football match on TV last night?
—I wanted to, but my father ________ his favorite TV program.
A. watched B. watches C. was watching D. had watched
模拟检测
1.(上海市延安中学2017届九年级月考)The 12-year-old girl _______ homework in the telephone booth while her parents were cleaning the street nearby.
A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. did
2. (上海市普陀区2017届九年级质量调研)Charles _______on his new model car from seven to eight yesterday evening .
A. was working B. worked C. has worked D. had worked
3. (2017年邯郸市中考一模)When I saw her on the way here, he ________ a magazine.
A. reads B. is reading C. was reading D. will read
4. (徐州市2017年初中毕业、升学考试模拟)—Why weren’t you at the meeting this morning?
—I _______for a friend of mine. We haven’t seen each other for years!
A. waited B. have waited C. was waiting D. am waiting
5. (江苏省昆山市2017届九年级模拟)—It was really kind of you to give me a lift home.
—Oh, don’t mention it. I _______past your house anyway.
A. had come B. will come C. have come D. was coming
6. (江苏省兴化市顾庄学区三校2017届九年级网上阅卷适应性训练)—Remember the first time we met, Jim?
—Of course I do. You ________ in the library.
A. were reading B. have read C. will read D. read
7. (辽宁省鞍山市第二十中学2017届中考模拟)—I called you but you didn’t reply to me.
—Oh, sorry, I ________Dad, where are we going?(《爸爸去哪儿》)at the cinema.
A. watched B. have watched C. was watching D. had watched
8. (四川省简阳市2017届高中阶段教育学校5月调研)—Where’s your mom, Tom?
—She _______ some washing when I got home. But now she isn’t at home.
A. was doing B. did C. has done D. does
9. (湖南省永州市祁阳县2017届九年级第三次模拟)What _______ you _______at 7 last night?
A. did; do B. were; do C. were; doing
10. (2016-2017学年度山东省日照市九年级模拟)—Why didn’t you answer my telephone yesterday?
—Sorry. I _______a bath at that time.
A. took B. take C. am taking D. was taking
参考答案
跟踪训练
2. D 【解析】句意：今天早上当我们下火车的时候，雨下得正大。rains第三人称单数形式;rained过去式;is raining现在进行时;was raining过去进行时。When引导的时间状语从句中用的是一般过去时态，根据句意可知，应用过去进行时，故选D。
3. B 【解析】句意：——你为什么演讲迟到了?——我打算离开的时候，我的朋友来拜访我。短语be about to do sth.表示打算去做某事，故选B。
点睛：be about to do表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。如：We are about to start. 我们就要出发了。
4. C 【解析】句意：——刚刚四楼为什么这么吵?——哦，我忘记告诉你了。许多孩子正在那庆祝安的生日。根据上下文可知是过去正在发生，故用过去进行时。A 为一般过去时;B为现在进行时;C为过去进行时;D为现在完成时。故选C。
5. B 【解析】句意：——今天上午九点半我给打电话了，但没有回答(接)。——-哦，对不起。我和我的表弟正在超市购物。根据语境可知九点半我和我的表弟正在超市购物，用过去进行时，结合句意和语境可知选B。
6. D 【解析】句意：汤姆正在河里游泳，这是他突然听见"救命!救命!"。根据when he suddenly heard"Help! Help!"可知此处表示过去某时正在做某事，故用过去进行时，故选D。
7. C 【解析】句意：昨天当我到家的时候，我的父母正在做饭。这里是when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时态。其结构是be doing的形式，主语My parents是复数，这里用were。故选C。
8. A 【解析】句意：昨天这个时候当你给我打电话的时候，我正在街上打扫卫生。根据this time yesterday可知，表示昨天这个时间正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时。过去进行时的谓语动词应该是：was/were doing。故选A。
10. D 【解析】句意：——你刚才看到一个穿红色衣服的女孩经过吗?——没有，先生，我正在洗我的汽车。wash洗，冲洗，动词原形;washed是过去式;am washing是现在进行时态;was washing是过去进行时态。根据上面的问题Did you see...可知，这里说的是过去的事情，而且表示当时正在洗车，故应用过去进行时态，选D。
真题再现
1. D【解析】句意：当我进来的时候，她正在读一本英语杂志。本题考查过去进行时。A. reads一般现在时;B. has read现在完成时;C. will read一般将来时;D. was reading过去进行时。根据句意"当我进来的时候，她……一本英语杂志"，可知主句应用进行时态，从句中的动词came为一般过去式，所以这里应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词现在分词，主语是she，所以用was，故答案选D。
2. B【解析】句意：我昨天看到Linda的时候，她非常的忙，她正在为考试复习。will study一般将来时态，将要学习;was studying过去进行时态，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作;has studied现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响;is studying现在进行时，表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。根据句中所给的情景…see her yesterday可知，这里表示昨天看到Linda的时候，她正在做的事情，应用过去进行时态，故选B。
3. B【解析】句意：——昨天晚上你看电视上的篮球赛了吗?——我想看，但是我爸爸正在看他最喜欢的电视节目。考查动词时态辨析题。根据句意语境，"我"昨晚想看篮球赛的时候，父亲正在看他的节目，可知需用过去进行时，可排除A、C选项，故选B。
4. C【解析】选项A"约翰在他的项目上工作得如此努力以至于他没有注意到他的妈妈进入了房间。""work hard"指的是"工作努力"，这句话描述的事情发生在过去，表示的是他的妈妈进入房间的时候，当时他正在工作，所以没有注意到。需要使用过去进行时来表示过去某段时间内正在进行的动作，所以这里要用"was working"，故选C。
6. B【解析】考查动词的时态辨析。句意：昨天我到家时，妈妈在做饭。A. has cooked现在完成时形式;B. was cooking过去进行时形式;C. will cook 一般将来时形式;D. cooks一般现在时态。本句表示我到家时，妈妈正在做饭，表示一个过去动作发生时，另一个过去动作正在发生。把正在发生的过去动作用成过去进行时态。故选B。
7. A【解析】句意：昨天这个时候，他们正在谈论一个喜剧片。考查动词时态。this time yesterday昨天这个时间，用于过去进行时，需用was/were+现在分词结构。they是复数人称，系词需用were，根据句意语境，可知选A。
8. C【解析】句意：——昨晚10点左右你听到隔壁奇怪的声音了吗?——没有。我正在卧室里听我最喜欢的音乐。考查过去进行时。根据句意：我正在卧室里听我最喜欢的音乐，以及上文中的around 10 o'clock last night可知说的是昨晚10点左右正在发生的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为：was/were+动词现在分词;主语是I，系动词be用was，listen的现在分词是listening;故答案选C。
9. D【解析】句意：当他妈妈给他打电话的时候杰克正在洗澡。本句考查过去进行时态。"他妈妈打电话"是过去的时间，在过去某个时间正在进行的动作，使用过去进行时，故选D。
10. A 【解析】考查过去进行时。句意：——你刚才听见有人敲门吗?——不好意思，我在给我的朋友打电话。这里指刚才敲门的时候，我正在打电话，所以句子应该用过去进行时。故选A。
11. C 【解析】考查过去进行时。句意：昨天这个时候，一些交换生正在和他们的寄宿家庭聊天。this time yesterday昨天的这个时间，表示过去的某个时间段内正在进行的动作。应该用过去进行时。A是现在进行时;B是一般将来时;D是现在完成时，故选C。
12. C 【解析】考查过去进行时。句意：——你昨晚看电视转播的足球赛了吗?——我想看的，但是我的父亲正在看他喜欢的电视节目。根据I wanted to, but my father ____ his favorite TV program.可知，这里指昨晚足球比赛的时候，父亲正在看自己的节目，表示过去的时间点正在做的事情，用过去进行时，故选C。学科&网
模拟检测
1. A 【解析】句意：这个12岁的女孩正在电话亭里做作业，而她的父母正在附近打扫街道。while正当……的时候，前后连接两个进行时态，此处同为过去进行时态，故答案为A。
3. C 【解析】句意：当我在路上看到她的时候，她正在读一本杂志。在含有时间状语的复合句中，时间状语从句是一般过去时，延续性动词在主句用过去进行时。故选C。
4. C 【解析】句意：——今天上午你为什么没来开会?——我正在等我的一个朋友。我们好几年没有见过彼此了。根据Why weren’t you at the meeting this morning?可知此处表示今天上午开会的时候不在场，因此表示过去某时正在做某事，用过去进行时，故选C。
5. D 【解析】句意：——让我搭便车回家你真是太好了。——不值一提，我就要经过你家。这里是进行时表示一般将来时，根据语境可知用过去进行时。故选D。
6. A 【解析】句意：——记得我们第一次见面吗，吉姆?——我当然记得。当时你正在图书馆里看书。结合句意和语境可知用过去进行时，故选A。
7. C 【解析】句意：——我给你打电话，但是你没有回复我。——哦，对不起，我正在电影院观看《爸爸去哪儿》。根据I called you but you didn’t reply to me可知此处表示过去某时正在做某事，故用过去进行时，故选C。
8. A 【解析】句意：——汤姆，你妈妈在哪儿?——我到家时她正在洗衣服。但现在她不在家。A. was doing过去进行时态形式;B. did一般过去时形式;C. has done现在完成时态形式;D. does一般现在时态形式。我到家时，她在洗衣服。表示一个过去动作发生时，另一个过去动作正在发生，把正在发生的动作用成过去进行时态。故选A。
9. C 【解析】句意：昨天晚上7点你在做什么?d根据句意和句中的时间状语at 7 last night可知，这里表示过去的时间正在做的事情，应使用过去进行时态，故选C。
10. D 【解析】句意：——昨天你为什么不接我的电话?——对不起，我那时正在洗澡。根据yesterday及at that time可知，这里指在过去的某个时间点正在进行的动作应该用过去进行时。故选D。
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