过去完成时专题详解

一、过去完成时

1.构成：had + 过去分词

2.功能：

1)表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作。“过去的过去”。

►They had got everything ready before I came.

►The play had begun before I got to the theater with my boyfriend.

2)过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ... when, no sooner ... than等固定句型结构中。(此乃超级重点句型，意为：“一……就”)

►She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.

►No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.(注意 no sooner 在句首时句型倒装。)

3)intend(打算)，mean(意味)，hope(希望)，want(想要)，plan(计划)等动词的过去完成时用来表示本打算做而没有做的事。

►I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.

(……原想昨天去看你……)

►They had planed to hold a football match last week, but they had to cancel it because the bad weather.

(……原计划上周举行一场足球赛……)

二、典型例题

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A.had written, left　 B.were writing, has left

C.had written, had left　 D.were writing, had left

答案：D."把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

注意：had no … when还没等…… 就……

had no sooner… than刚…… 就……

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it.

三、测试精编

1.-Let's hurry! The president is coming.

-Oh, I was afraid that we ________.

A. already miss him B. had already missed him

C. will miss him already D. have already missed him

2.Your letter came just as I ________ my office.

A. was leaving B. would leave

C. had left D. left

3.I ________ my keys, I can't remember where I last saw them.

A. was losing B. lost C. had lost D. have lost

4.Nobody knew where the teacher ________.

A. has gone B. would have gone

C. had gone D. would be gone

5.The sportsmen ________ training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest.

A. have been B. are

C. had been D. were

(后设答案，大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……)

KEYS

1-5：B A D C C

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