2024年初一英语下册:5大重点句型结构
情态动词can的用法
can+动词原形,它不随主语的人称和数而变化。
1.含有can的肯定句:
主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。
2.含有can的否定句:
主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。
3.变一般疑问句时,把can提前:
Can+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+can。
否定回答:No,主语+can't.
4.含有can的特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?
I can speak English.
→I can't speak English.
→Can you speak English?
→What can you speak?
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what time和when引导的特殊疑问句
1.询问钟点时用what time,询问日期、月份、年份时用when。
2. What's the time?=What time is it?
现在几点了?
3.时刻表达法:
顺读法和逆读法。
顺读法:“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。
如:7:05 seven five;8:16 eight sixteen
逆读法:借助介词past或to表示,要先说分再说钟点。
a.当分钟不超过30分钟时(包括30分钟),即<或=30,用past表示。其结构为:“分钟+past+整点”意为“几点过几分”。
如:1:25twenty - five past one
b.当超过30分钟时,即>30,用to表示。其结构为:“所差分钟(即60-所过分钟数)+to+下一个整点”,to译成“差”,差几分钟到几点。
如:4:38 twenty-two to five
c.当分钟为30分钟用half表示,当分钟为15分钟用a quarter.
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how引导的特殊疑问句
1. how引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式,其答语分三种情况:
a. take a/an/the+交通工具(单数)
b. by+交通工具(单数)
c. on/in+限定词+交通工具
—How do you go to school every day?
—I take a bus to go to school every day.
/I go to school by bus every day.
/I go to school on the bus every day.
2. how far用来提问距离,多远,其答语分为两种:
(1)用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers.
(2)用时间表示:It’s twenty minutes’walk.
3. how long用来提问时间,意为多久回答常用“for+时段”。
—How long have you learnt English?
—For 3 years.
4. how soon用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间, 用于将来时态, 常用“in+时间段”来回答。
—How soon will you arrive in Beijing?
—In 3 hours.
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祈使句
祈使句一般表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。一般以动词原形开头,句末可以用感叹号或句号。
1.肯定的祈使句:
(1)实义动词原形+其他:Please look at that boy.
(2) be动词原形+形容词+其他:Be quiet, please.
2
(1) Don’t+实义动词+原形Don't stand there.
(2) Don’t be+形容词+其他Don't be so noisy.
(3) No+n./V-ing
No photos.不许照相。
No talking.不许谈话。
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There be结构
There be句型主要用以表达“某处有某人(某物),强调存在”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地”,有时为了强调地点,也可把地点状语放在句首。
There is a book on the desk.
On the desk there is a book.
(1)
“There be+主语(某人/某物)+介词短语”
There are three people in my family.
我家有三口人。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。
(2)
“There be+not+主语+介词短语”
There isn’t a boy in the room.
房间里没有一个男孩。
There aren’t any books on the desk.
书桌上没有书。
注意:
“There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样,在be后加not或no即可。
注意not和no的不同:
not是副词,no为形容词,所以not a/an/any+n,相当于no+n。
There aren’t any pictures on the wall.
=There are no pictures on the wall.
There isn’t a bike behind the tree.
=There is no bike behind the tree.
(3)疑问式:
Be there+主语+介词短语?”
肯定回答是:“Yes, there be.”否定回答是:“No, there+be与not的缩写形式”。
—Is there a lamp in your bedroom?
在你的卧室里有台灯吗?
—Yes, there is.
是的,有。
—Are there any clock in the living room?
客厅里有钟吗?
—No, there aren’t.
不,没有。
(4)特殊疑问句:
一般有两种句型结构
How many+复数名词+are/were there+介词短语?
There’re many children in the park.
How many children are there in the park?
How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语?
There was little rain around the year.
How much rain was there around the year?
就近原则:
即be和距其最近的主语保持一致。
There are some pens and a book on the floor.
=There is a book and some pears on the floor.
编辑推荐: