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2024年初中英语|状语从句详解

2023-09-26 21:22:53佚名

状语从句

在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较(或方式)和条件等类。

1.时间状语从句

引导连词有when、while、till、not…until、since、after、before、 as soon as

The bus won’t start until everybody gets on.(公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。)

When he knocked at the door I was cooking.(当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。)

Last night before he came back home, his wife had already cooked dinner and waited for 2 hours. (昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。

2.地点状语从句

地点状语从句通常由where、wherever引导。

Where there is a will, there is a way.(哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成)。

Where there is a life, there is a hope.(哪里有生命,哪里就有希望留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。)

Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.(不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。)

3.原因状语从句

引导连词有because、as、since

He didn′t see the film because he had seen it.(他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。)

比较:because、since、as和for

1)because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或 since。

I didn't go, because I was afraid.

Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗 号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。

He is absent today, because / for he is ill.

He must be ill, for he is absent today.

注意:

because不能和so连用。

4.目的状语从句

He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.(他必须早起,以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。)

He repainted the house so that he could welcome the guests.

So that …——以便/以致……

例如:(1)They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.

(2)They started early so that they caught the early bus.

注意:

在例句(1)中,是引导目的状语;在例句(2)中,是引导结果状语。一般来讲,从句中含有情态动词的,为目的状语。无情态动词的,为结果状语。

5.结果状语从句号

引导连词有that、so…that…、such….that

The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it.(这个盒子如此沉,以致我无法抬起来。)

such+名词性词组+that…

So+形容词/副词+that…——如此……以致……

例如:(1)She is such a good teacher that we all love her.

(2)It was such a hot day that they didn’t go out for a walk as usual.

注意:

1.such+a+形容词+名词+that…,可以改写成:so+形容词+a+名词+that…,例句(1)可以改写成:She is so good a teacher that we all love her.

2.在such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that…结构中,形容词如果是many/few或much/little时,用so不用such,即:so+many/few+可数名词复数+that…,so+much/little+不可数名词+that…

(1)There are so many people in the room that I can’t get in.

(2)The man has so much money that he can buy a car.

6.让步状语从句

引导连词有though、although、even though/if、 whatever、however

Although he is young,he knows a lot of things.(虽然他年龄小,但却认识许多事物。)

Even though you don’t like him, you still have to be polite.

Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.

注意:

although、though不能和but连用。

7.比较(方式)状语从句以than为引导连词

常见连词(as)…as.., …than…; the…, the…

Jim is older than Lucy(is).(吉姆比路希年长。)

Skiing is more exciting than running.

The more you practice, the more knowledge you will get.

注意:

than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。

8.条件状语从句以if、unless为引导连词

If you eat bad food,you may be ill.(如果你吃到坏了的食物,就会生病。)

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a sports meet.

注意:

主句是将来时,从句用一般现在时。

状语从句中常见的误点

1)时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配:(俗称:主将从现)

2)原因状语从句because与because of;

Because+从句 和because of +n./ pron

例如:I was late because I didn’t catch the bus.

I was late because of the rain.

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