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2024年初中英语易混淆连词用法辨析

2023-09-23 23:18:07佚名

一、because,since,as,for

1)because是从属连词,意为“因为”。表示造成某种情况的直接原因,语气最强,常用来回答由why引导的问句

例句:-Why didn't you come to my birthday party ?

你为什么没有参加我的生日聚会?

-BecauseI was too busy.

因为我太忙了。

例句:One travels more usefully when alone,becausehe reflects more.

一个人独自旅行更有益处,因为他可以多一些思考。

2)since,as往往表示众所周知的原因,常译为“既然;由于”。Since从句通常位于主句之前,其语气比as稍强

例句:Sinceyou come,wait for more time please.

既然来了,再多等一会儿吧。

例句:AsDavid had a passion for walking,we started off on foot.

由于大卫喜欢走路,我们就步行出发了。

3)as表示原因时,语气比because和since都弱,引导的从句位于主句前后均可

例句:Asshe has nor car,she can't get there easily.

由于没有汽车,她不能顺利到达那里。

例句:Asyou were out,I left a message for you.

由于你不在,我给你留了个纸条。

4)for是并列连词,语气最弱,对前面的分句加以解释或表示推断的原因,多用于书面语中。For所连接的分句只能位于句尾,前面用逗号分开

例句:The days are short,forit is now December.

白天很短,因为现在已经是十二月份了。

例句:If youth is the season of hope,it is often so only in the sense that our elders are hopeful about us;forno age is so apt as youth to think its emotions,partings,and resolves are the last of their kind.

如果说青春是希望的季节,那只能说年长的人对年轻人怀有希望;因为年轻人比其他任何年龄段的人更容易考虑情感和离别,他们最不愿考虑的就是决心。

二、whether,if

用作从属连词时,whether和if都意为“是否”。一般情况下,他们可以互换,口语中常用if。但以下情况中,只能用whether:

1)引导主语从句置于句首时

例句Whetherit is true remains a question.

它是不是真的还是个问题。

2)引导表语从句

例句:The question iswhetherit will rain.

问题是天会不会下雨。

3)引导同位语从句时

例句:There is a doubtwhetherhe is fit for the job.

他是否胜任这份工作还是个疑问。

4)与or not紧接连用时

例句:Let me knowwhether or notyou can come.

请让我知道你是否能来。

5)与动词不定式连用时

例句:I couldn't decidewhether to doit.

我拿不定主意是否要做这件事。

6)作介词宾语从句时

例句:There has been no newsabout whetherthey have finished their work.

没人知道他们是否已经完成了工作。

三、when,while,as

When,while,as作从属连词,都引导时间状语从句,表示主句动作与从句动作同时发生。

1)when引导的从句可以用延续性动词,也可以用短暂性动词,而while和as引导的从句只能用延续性动词

例句:If you smilewhenno one else is around,you really mean it.

如果你独自一人时笑了,那是真心的笑了。

例句:Youth is not like a new garment,which we can keep fresh and fair by wearing sparingly.Youth,whilewe have it,we must wear daily,and it will fast wear away.

青春并不像一件新衣,少穿几次可以保持新度。我们一旦有了青春,就必须天天利用,因为它会很快消失。

2)while和as引导的从句的谓语动词所表示的动作通常与主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,而when引导的从句中的谓语动词可以发生在主句的动作之前、之后,也可同时发生

例句:WhenI got to the station,the train had left.

当我赶到火车站时,火车已经开走了。

例句:When/While/Aswe were dancing,a stranger came in.

我们正在跳着舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。

例句:A man is not finishedwhenhe is defeated.He is finishedwhenhe quits.

3)强调主从句动作同时进行时,从句的时间概念淡化,主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件,这时只能用as

例句:Asyears go by,China is getting stranger and richer.

随着时间的推移,中国变得越来越富强了。

四、so that,so...that

1)so that是从属连词,意为“以便......;为了......”。引导目的状语从句,从句中常用may,can,will等情态动词。口语中有时也可省略that

例句:Work hardso (that)you can pass the exam.

你要努力学习,以便通过考试。

例句:He went by airso thathe might get there on time.

他乘飞机去,为的是能按时到达那里。

2)so...that是关联连词,意为“如此......以至于”,其中that引导结果状语从句

例句:Their city issosmallthatwe can't find it on the map.

他们的城市那么小,以至于我们在地图上找不到它。

例句:Our souls aresostarved for that sense of awe,that encounter with grandeur which helps to remind us of our real place in the universe,thatif we can't get it in church,we will search for it and find it some place else.

我们的灵魂渴望那种畏惧感,渴望遇到让我们想起我们在宇宙中真正位置的那种壮观,以至于如果我们在教堂里寻不到它的话,我们就会寻找它,在别处某个地方找到它。

当so...that引导结果状语从句时,从句若是否定式,常可与too...to结构转换。试比较:

例句对比1:We weresotiredthatwe couldn't go any farther.

We weretootiredtogo any farther.

我们累得走不动了。

例句对比2:The box issoheavythatwe can't move it away.

The box istooheavy for ustomove away.

箱子太重,我们搬不动。

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