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2024年初中英语难点解析:定语从句知识点

2023-08-15 16:22:40佚名

定语:修饰名词或代词的单词、短语、句子。它被翻译为"……的"。定语有时候放在被修饰词的前面,有时候放在被修饰词的后面,如:

red flowers

the man on the left

定语从句:定语是一个句子,叫做定语从句。定语从句是后置定语的一种,只能放在被修饰词的后面,所以被它修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。我们早在试卷中接触过定语从句,如信息填写题的题目:

The time that the story takes place;

The place that they found the boy;

The person who looked after the old man;

The purpose that the writer wrote this passage;

The number of suggestions that the writer has given.

中考考点:1 能识别定语从句;2 能准确使用定语从句的引导词。

下面,我们正式进入含有定语从句(下面简称"定从")的主从复合句的学习。

认识定从

一、请翻译下列句子,并划出每句的主句和定从。

1 I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.

2 The young man that wears glasses is my math teacher.

3 We are proud of Liu Yang who is the first Chinese woman astronaut.

4 This is the most interesting book that he has ever read.

5 The movie that we saw last night is wonderful.

6 Qing Yu Nian is a TV play which is hot these days.

二、请找出各句的先行词和定从的引导词。

三、小结:

当先行词是人,引导词可以是:________________________

当先行词不是人,引导词可以是_________________________

定从在句中的位置:

_______________________________________________

定从的时态:定语从句的时态不受主句限制,该用什么时态就用什么时态。

定从的引导词什么时候可以省略,什么时候不可以省略

一、观察下面四个句子,把主句和从句还原成两个独立的句子。

1. Here comes the man who wants to see you.

如:第一句可以拆分为:Here comes the man. The man wants to see you.

2 This is the person (who) you are looking for.

3 Mary likes the music which is quiet and gentle.

4 The film (that) we saw last night is very interesting.

二、观察拆分后的定从,引导词所替代的先行词在句中作什么成分?(主语/宾语)

三、小结:如果引导词在定从中作主语,引导词不可省略;如果引导词在定从中作宾语,可以被省略。

引导词的其他规则(需反复记忆至熟练为止)

一、如果先行词与定从的主语存在从属关系,先行词不管是人还是物,引导词用whose,如(请观察并理解何为从属关系):

This is the little boy whose father is a policeman. 这就是那个爸爸是警察的小男孩。

The house whose windows are red is very large. 那所房子非常大,它的窗子是红色的。

二、先行词与引导词之间有介词,先行词是人,引导词只能用whom;先行词与引导词 之间有介词,先行词非人,引导词只能用which。如:

This is the bad boy about whom his parents worried too much.

I loved the school in which I studied three years ago.

三、先行词是代词those时,先判断它指代的是人还是物,指人,引导词用who,指物,引导词用which。请选出下列两题的答案:

()I don't like those ________ talk much but do little.

A which B whose C who

()The sleeping tigers are bigger than those __________ are trained there.

A which B whose C who

四、引导词只能用that的情况。

1 当先行词包括人和物时,如the man and his dog/Lu Xun and his articles等;

2 当先行词是something, everything, anything, nothing, few, little, all, much, none等不定代词时;

3 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;

4 当先行词指物,且被the only, the very, the last, all the等修饰时;

5 当主句是以疑问代词开头的特殊疑问句时,如:

Who is the girl that won the first place in 200 meters? 赢了200米第一名的女孩是谁?

中考真题测试

1 There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week. (2012广东中考)

A who B when C what D which

2 The young lady _________ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. (2013广东中考)

A who B whose C which D whom

3 When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _______ he did was to look for some food. (2014广东中考)

A who B that C which D whom

4 Running Man is a very relaxing TV program _______ is hot among the young people. (2015广东中考)

A what B which C who D whom

5 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything ________

comes into sight is so new to me. (2016广东中考)

A that B which C who D whom

6 According to a survey, people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. (2017广东中考)

A which B whom C whose D who

7 Not all children ________ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. (2019广东中考)

A whom B which C who D whose

巩固练习:

一、单项选择

1 People are talking about the old houses _______ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years

ago.

A which B where C who

2 -- Do you know Mo Yan?

-- Of course. He is the famous writer _______ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.

A who B whom C which

3 Yesterday I interviewed the farmer _________ daughter went to college at the age of 14.

A what B who C whose D that

4 It's bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has new furniture in it .

A who B where C that D whose

5 The Palace Museum is the best place _______ I've ever visited.

A that B which C where D what

6 She is the girl _________ invention got the first prize in the school competition.

A who B whose C that D whom

7 The WeChat is an invention _________ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.

A which B who C whose D what

8 Being blind(瞎的) is something _________ most people can't imagine.

A who B what C that D whom

9 Most of the parents will do anything ________ they can do for their children.

A that B what C which D when

10 He is the only student _______ can answer all the questions.

A that B which C what D when

二、完成句子

1 那个戴着眼镜的女孩是贝蒂。

The girl _________________________________________________________ is Betty.

2 我所看见的那个年轻人长着短头发。

The young man ______________________________________________ had short hair.

3 警察正在搜查偷了她钱包的贼。(偷:steal-stole- stolen)

The police are looking for the thief ___________________________________________.

4 昨天破坏门的孩子是汤姆。

The kid ___________________________________________________________ is Tom.

5 多数被偷的小汽车还未能找到。

Most of the cars _____________________________________ haven't been found yet.

6 他有一台电脑,这台电脑是他的父母给他买的。

He has a computer ________________________________________________________.

7 其中的一个故事是关于他爸爸的,他爸爸一直对他要求很严格。

One of the stories is about his father _______________________________________.

8 那个女孩学习很刻苦,她的爸爸是位医生。

The girl ______________________________________________________ studies hard.

9 开着窗户的那间教室是九班。

The classroom _______________________________________________ is Class 9.

10 我所能为你做的一切就是陪着你。

All ____________________________________________________ is to stay with you.

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