2024年中考宾语从句考点归纳
宾语从句考点归纳
一、定义
：在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。
Thegirl told me that she would come here tomorrow.那个女孩告诉我她明天要来这里。
二、宾语从句可分为
：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。
动词的宾语从句
1.，即从句作动词的宾语。
Do you know who will teach us English thissemester?你知道这学期谁将教我们英语吗?
She asked whether she could go.她问她是否可以去。
介词的宾语从句
2.，即从句在介词后面作宾语。
They are discussing who will climb themountain with me.他们正在讨论谁和我一起去爬山。
You may depend on it that they will alwayshelp you.你要相信他们会一直帮助你的。
形容词的宾语从句
3.，即sure、certain、pleased、surprised等表示情感的形容词后的从句。
I am not sure whether he will come again.我不敢肯定他是否会再来。
I am quite sorry that I made a lot ofmistakes in the exam.非常抱歉，我在考试中犯了很多错误。
三、宾语从句三要素：
1.
（
间接引语(从句本身)是陈述句，且连接词只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分，也不翻译出意思时，用that连接(在口语或非正式文体中常省去)。
Shesaid (that) she wanted to join us.她说她想加入我们。
（
间接引语(从句本身)是一个一般疑问句，用whether/if“是否”连接，whether/if表示“是否”之意。
Doeshe know whether/if they will come to have an Art class?他知道他们是否要来上美术课吗?
宾语从句中
：
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，有些特殊情况只用whether。
I am not interested in whether you are right.我对你是否正确不感兴趣。
Whether they are interested in this project, I don’t know.他们是否对这个项目感兴趣，我不知道。
I really don’t know when to start.我真的不知道什么时候开始。
They wonder whether or not it will rain this afternoon.他们想知道今天下午是否会下雨。
The little girl hasn’t decided whether she will spend her holidays in America.这个小女孩还没有决定是否去美国度假。 |
连接代词
(3)(what、who、which、whose)或(when、where、why、how)及how构成的词组(howmany、how old、howlong等)。(特殊疑问词)
Theteacher asked who could answer the question.老师问谁能回答这个问题。
Theyare discussing where they shall meet.他们正在讨论在哪里见面。
2.
宾语从句都用陈述句语序，即“连接词+主谓宾/主系表”结构。
1.My mother asks: “when will we go to the supermarket?” (改为宾语从句)
Mymother askes ________ ________ ________ go to the supermarket.
2.Li Lei told Jim ____.
A.how much yuan is the sweater B.how much is the sweater
C.how much the sweater is D.how much the sweater was
答案：when we will; D
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特殊情况特殊记：
Tom wants to know what’s the matter with his father. Tom想知道他父亲发生了什么事。
They are guessing who is singing in the next room.他们正在猜测谁在隔壁房间唱歌。 |
3.
主现从随意，主过从过去，真理永一现
口诀：。
主句是现在时，从句根据自身的需要选择合适的时态;当主句是过去时，从句需用相应的过去时;若从句是科学真理、格言或客观事实等，从句用一般现在时。
Eg：Hesaidhehad beento Beijing.他说他去过北京。(主句是一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时;从句“去过”动作发生在主句动作之前，所以从句用过去完成时haddone结构。)
Eg：Can youtell me what time they left yesterday?你能告诉我他们昨天什么时候离开的吗?(主句是一般过去时，从句时态不受主句的限制;由yesterday可知，从句用一般过去时)
Eg：Ourteacher told us that the Yellow River is the second longest river in China.我们的老师告诉我们黄河是中国第二长河。(主句一般过去时，从句是真理，用一般现在时)
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特殊考点考查：
They have decided when they will get up tomorrow.他们已经决定了明天什么时候起床. They have decided when to get up tomorrow.
当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语为think、believe（相信）、guess等时，其后的宾语从句的否定形式应转移到主句上。（翻译时，需将否定后移） I don’t think he can run faster than his brother.我认为他没他哥哥跑的快。
含从句的反意疑问句，附加问句一般根据主句进行变换。 The little boy is afraid that his parents will leave, isn’t he?那个小男孩害怕他的父母会离开，是吗？ 对于否定转移的主从复合句，反意疑问句中的附件问句根据从句进行变换，且要把否定移回到从句上。 I don’t think she can ride a horse, can she?我认为她不会骑马，是吗？ |
宾语从句中不可省略
Some people think that this kind of books is very popular among students.一些人认为这类书在学生中很受欢迎。
The teacher said (that) it was the most beautiful tongue in the world, and that we must keep it among us.老师说这是世界上最美丽的语言，我们应该经常使用它。
The manager told us that, if we could handle this situation at once, the crisis would be solved.经理告诉我们，如果我们能立即处理这种情况，危机就会解决。
The old man told me that knowing your own weaknesses was of great importance.老人告诉我，了解自己的弱点是非常重要的。
We made up our mind that we would never give up.我们下定决心决不放弃。
It reminded me at once that we had already finished the task.这使我立刻想起我们已经完成了任务。
Everyone considers it important that children should do sports every day.每个人都认为孩子们每天做运动是很重要的。
That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 编辑推荐：
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