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2024年中考英语:宾语从句高频考点

2023-08-15 15:53:38佚名

宾语从句就是一个句子做为复合句中主句谓语动词的宾语。

I believe that he's a policeman.

这样的句子就是that引导的宾语从句。

简单地说,宾语从句是由

由于连接手段的不同,宾语从句可分为:

that引导的宾语从句

关系代词wh-引导的宾语从句

关系副词wh-或者if /whether引导的宾语从句几种形式。针对宾语从句部分的考试,考察要点主要有这三个方面:

简单总结就是:引导词,时态、从句语序。

宾语从句的引导词。

宾语从句是主从复合句中的具体形式。

它由两部分构成:主句+宾语从句。而在主句和宾语从句之间需要引导词来连接。也就是:主句+引导词+宾语从句。

引导词主要有以下三种情况:

第一,如果宾语从句是陈述句概念,用引导词that,在口语中可以省略。

第二,如果宾语从句表述一般疑问句的语义,引导词就用if或whether。

一般情况下,

第三种情况,宾语从句表述特殊疑问句的语义,引导词用特殊疑问词。补充:

a.

eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the picnic.

b.

eg, Please let me know what to do next.

Could you tell me whether u go or not?

c. if

I know that he is my uncle.

2.if

I believe that it's very hot now.I wonder if/whether they'll get there in time.

We want to know if/whether the school starts.

We doubted wheather that girl could stand the bad weather there.

3.

我们怀疑那个女孩是否能忍受那里糟糕的天气。No one can lose what he never had.

人是不会失去他从不曾拥有过的东西。

Wisdom first teaches what is right.

智慧首先教会人什么是正确的。

二、时态

宾语从句的时态

一、主现不限

一般来说,英语从句的时态,主要是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的。但宾语从句主要有三种情况::主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或者是祈使句的时候,从句的时态要根据具体的情况,选用相应的时态,而不受从句的限制。:如果主句的时态是过去时,那么从句的时态则要用与过去相应的某一时态。:如果从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象或者是普遍真理的时候,从句的时态要用一般现在时。宾语从句的时态呼应:She knows that he is kind.

她知道他是个友善的人。

You will know that he was helpful.

你将会了解他以前是个乐于主人的人。

He wondered if /whether they would have the meeting next week.

他想知道下周他们是否将有个会议

I asked her what she had done at home.

三、语序

语从句的语序

宾语从句要使用陈述语句,即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。

Could you please tell me where the supermarket is?

We understood how he was feeling .

我们知道他当时的感受。

四、宾语从句的注意事项

I know you are right.

当宾语从句的内容是真理性的东西

(2),或者“现在”还是事实的情况的时候,尽管主句用到的是过去时态,

They were taught that earth moves around the sun.

当时就有人教过他们,地球是围绕太阳转的

think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose

否定前移在宾语从句中出现时,主句的主语是第一人称I或we,同时主句的谓语动词常为等词。表达形式中,否定在主句,实际语义在从句。只不过从句中的否定,移到了主句谓语动词的前面。

例如:

I don't think he is right.

注意:翻译要遵循否定转移的特点,否定在从句;反问时,反问对应从句且用肯定形式。

I don't think Tom will come .

我认为汤姆不会来。

I dont expect that any one will help me .

预计不会有人帮助我

宾语从句的转化

(4)

宾语从句的转化实际是把宾语从句的转化为短语或其他从句类型,主要有下面几种情况:

1.主句+宾语从句=主谓+to do sth

2.主句+宾语从句=主+谓+sb/sth+(疑问词)to do sth

3.主句+宾语从句=主+谓+sb/sth+sb/sth

4.主句+宾语从句=主+谓+sb/sth+宾语补足语

5.此外,主句+what宾语从句=主句+定语从句

具体:

动词

1.当主句谓语是等,且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。

例如:

We decided that we would help him.

→We decided to help him.

know,learn,remember,forget,tell

2.当主句谓语动词是等动词,且主句主语与从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

例如:

She has forgotten how she can open the window.

→She has forgotten how to open the window.

tell,ask,show,teach

注:当主句谓语动词是等动词,且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

例如:

Could you tell me how I can get to the station?

→Could you tell me how to get to the station?

名词

3.当主句的谓语动词是order(命令),require(需要)等时,如果主句和从句的主语不一致,宾语从句可简化为“()+不定式”结构。

例如:

The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.

→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once.

介词

4.某些动词后的宾语从句,可以用加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化。

例如:

He insisted that he should go with us.

→He insisted on going with us.

5.某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式(作宾语补足语)”结构。

例如:

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.

→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.

此外,it做形式主语+宾语从句的结构也可以不定式(短语)来简化。

It seemed/seems that从句→It seemed/seems to do .

例如:

It seemed that the boys were going to win.

→The boys seemed to win.

I found that it was difficult to learn English well.

→I found it difficult to learn English well.

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