2024年初中英语中考必考语法重点--宾语从句
宾语从句The Object Clause
知识重点见初三单元2-3
I know him简单句I know(that)he is a good boy(复合句)
句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+宾语从句
宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
宾语从句可以作:1.及物动词2.动词(多数为不及物动词)+介词的动词短语3.形容词的宾语。
一：宾语从句做实意动词的宾语
(初高中英语李老师：15191416900(同微)
1.大多数及物动词或动词短语也可以带宾语从句，make sure确保keep in mind牢记
如:I know that I am the best。I must make sure that no one will come，we must keep in mind that we can’t eat dogs
2.当动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等，后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.(初高中英语李老师：15191416900(同微)
I make it possible that the fish can live without water
如：I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
如：I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
注：it做形式宾语代替的宾语从句只能是用that引导
3.部分动词短语和不及物动词后面跟的宾语从句一般用wh做引导词
部分"动词+副词"结构也可以带宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how houses were made这本新书是关于房子是如何建造的.
二：宾语从句做介词的宾语
Mr.Li was angry at what you saidWhether we can succeed or not depend on how well you study
三：形容词的宾语从句
有些形容词具有动词的含义，可带宾语从句，如:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised等形容词如：I am sure that he will come I am sorry I am late.I am glad that you can join us.
第一讲：宾语从句的引导词
（陈述句--肯定句/否定句）
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
（特殊疑问句）
由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，what连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句
（一般疑问句）
由从属连词whether, if引导的宾语从句
一、连词（引导词）
1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），由that引导且在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此常省略
(初高中英语李老师：15191416900(同微)
Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.
She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.
Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.
I hear (that)he will be back in an hour.(一小时后他会回来)
The teacher told us (that)the earth moves around the sun(地球围着太阳转)
2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由whether或if引导（口语用if），if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略
Lily wanted to knowif /whether her mother liked the gift .
She asked meif /whether she could borrow these books .
由从属连词whether, if引导的宾语从句
1. I want to knowif (whether) he will go to the park with us(他是否跟我们一起去公园)
以下三个情况只能用whether引导（李老师警告要好好记）
2. Ask himwhether (if) he can come(他是否能来)3. I don’t knowwhether it is going to rain or not(是否要下雨)
1.当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 3，whether后跟动词不定式
3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词(what, who, whom, which, whose)或连接副词(when, where, how, why)引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略
第二讲：宾语从句的语序
在英语中的语序有两种：
陈述句语序：指情态动词/系动词/助动词/实意动词在主语的后面I like the apple
一般疑问句语序：指情态动词/系动词/助动词在主语的前面do you like the apple？
在宾语从句当中，从句永远用陈述句语序，即：主句+连接词
例如：Where does he live? I don’t know. = I don’t knowwhere he lives.
判断正误：以下两个选项哪个是正确的
1. When will he go to the library?
˜A: His brother asks whenhe will go tothe library . B: His brother asks whenwill he go tothe library .
2. What does he want to buy ?
˜ A: I don’t know whatdoes he wantto buy . B: I don’t know whathe wantsto buy .
3. Who are we going to meet ?
˜ A: Can you tell mewho are we going tomeet ? B：Can you tell me whowe are going tomeet ?
4. Does he know French ?
˜ A: We want to know if/whetherhe knowsFrench . B: We want to know if/whetherdoes he knowFrench.
5. Will they go to Canada in summer ?
˜ A: They’ re not sure if /whetherthey will go toCanada in summer .
B: They’ re not sure if /whetherwill they go toCanada in summer .
把下面两个句子合成一个宾语从句：
1.Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ?
Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday
2.Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .
Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith have been in C.......
3.Which book should I read first ? Please tell me
Please tell me which book I should read first.
4.Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us yesterday.
Our teacher told us yesterday light travels faster than sound .
例如：
Please tell me. Where are the students
I want to know. will it rain today?
I don’t know. Is she our new English teacher?
Tell me. Are you going to clean the room?
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及副词when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
1.He asked______________________. (谁能回答这个问题)
2.Do you know_who they are waiting for?________________________.(他们在等谁)
3.He asked __who danced better______________________________.(谁跳舞最好)
4.Please tell me _______________________.(我们什么时候开会)
5. Can you tell me _______________.(他在哪儿)
6. Could you tell me ______________________.(我该怎么去车站)
带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句
Could you tell ushow muchit costs to fly to Ankang ? Could you tell ushow oftenyou go abroad for a holiday ?
Could you tell ushow longthe meeting will last ? I don’t knowhow farit is to the cinema .
Please tell ushow manystudents there are in your school ? Can you tell ushow oldhis brother is ?
第三讲：宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定随意选用，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）
I know he lives here. I know he lived here ten years ago. I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）
I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother.
He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .
Is/am/are+V-ing have/has+done
Was/were +V-ing had +done
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时从句永远用一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .
1. I didn’t know what time he ____ the letter. (write)
2. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move) round the sun.
3. Could you tell me who ______ away the book already? (take)
4. Ling Feng told me he _____ to Shanghai several times. (be)
5. Our teacher told us in class the sun ______ in the east. (rise)
6. Can you tell me what they ____ yesterday? (do)
宾语从句考点小总结三大部分7个考点：
一：引导词
1当从句是陈述句时用that
2当从句时一般疑问句时用If/whether引导 是否 不能省略
3当从句是特殊疑问句时用它本身的特殊疑问词引导，不能省略
二：语序：宾语从句当中，从句永远用陈述句语序
三：时态：
1：主现从任意
2：主过从过
3：客观真理永远用一般现在时
注意事项
1.could/would有时是情态动词原形并表示委婉语气，不是过去式。宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。
Could you please tell me where we can buy tickets ? Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?
Would you like to know when he will come back?
2.主句的谓语动词是ask时，引导词不可能是that;如果主句的谓语动词是say时，引导词用that
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk . He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .
He asks if I like playing the piano . You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .
3.如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能用whether而不用if . Could you tell me whether that’s a fast trainor not ?
Do you know whether he is right or not ? I don’t care whether he’ll stay here or not .
一、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.We are sure that he _____________ (go) to school tomorrow.
2.Our father said that he ________(will) buy a new computer.
3.I hear that he ________(swim) in the sea yesterday.
4.I asked if he _______(can) hike to the top of the mountain.
5.I’m not sure whether there _____(be) some animals in the zoo.
二、将下列句子连接成为复合句，每空一词
6.Jane will come to the party on time. I believe.
I believe that Jane ____________the party on time.
7.Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____light ______faster than sound.
8.Can they speak French? I want to know.
I want to know _________________________French.
9.Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me __________the children ____________games.
10.Can you tell me? Did the sports meeting last for three days?
Can you tell me __________the sports meeting ______for three days?
综合习题：
一：单项选择题
1.The young man asked ____ it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether
2.We don't know _____ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which
3. The teacher asks us ___ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time
4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
5. I wonder _____ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when
6. Lily said _____ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where
7. I don’t know ______ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether
8 Could you show me ______ ?
A.how can I get to the station B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station
9. Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like
10.. Could you tell me how much ________to fly to Ankang ?
A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs
11. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _____ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
12.I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If
13.I don't know ______ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he come
C. if he comesD. whether he'll come
14.Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where
15.Do you know where ______ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live
二：将下列句子合并为一句:
4.“ I am doing my homework.” He said.
5.“I will come back.” Tom said.
6.“Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.
7.Does Mr. Li enjoy teaching us? Could you tell us?(改写句子)
→Could you tell us _________ Mr.Li _________ teaching us?
8."Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.(变为复合句)
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help.
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