2023年初中英语现在完成时主要考点及中考真题演练
(一)主要考点
考点一：考查基本概念
例 Both his parents look sad .Maybe they______what's happened to him .
A.knew B.have knownC. must knowD.will know
简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时
间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。
考点二：考查时间状语
例1. He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A.already
B.never
C.ever
D. still
例2. Have you met Mr Li ______?
A.just
B.ago
C.before
D.a moment ago
例3.The famous writer _____ one new book in the pasttwo year .
A.is writing
B.was writing
C.wrote
D.has written
例4.—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
A.has changed;well
B.changed;good
C.has changed; better
D.changed;better
例5.Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school fortwo years .
A.was;studying
B.will;study
C.has;studied
D. are;studying
例6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
A.know
B.had known
C.have known
D. knew
例7.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I______it twice .
A.will see
B.have seen
C.saw
D.see
简析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类：
⑴现在完成时常与already(已经)just(刚刚，正好)ever(曾经)，never(从来，也不;从不)before(以前)yet(仍然)等连用。故例1应选B;例2应选C。
⑵现在完成时常与recently(近来)，so far(到目前为止)，in the past/“last +一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。
故例3应选D，例4应选C。
⑶现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用(含从句，从句过去时)。故例5应选C，例6应选C。
⑷现在完成时还与once(一次)，twice(两次)，three times(三次)，several times(几次)等表示重复次数的词语连用。故例7应选B。
考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别
例1.—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When _____ there ?
A.will they go
B.did they go
C.do they go
D.have they gone
例2.—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .
A.Did;do;finished
B..Have;done;finished
C.Have;done;have finished
D.will;do;finish
简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的
动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等)连用。故例1、2的正确答案皆为B。
考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法
例1. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A.joined
B.has joined
C. was in
D.has been in
例2.—Do you know him well ?—Sure.We _________friends since ten years ago .
A.were
B.have been
C.have become
D. have made
例3.—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .
A.been
B.gone
C.come
D.arrived
例4.Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes .
A.has begun
B.had begun
C.has been on
D.began
例5.His uncle died two years ago.(改变句子,句意不变)
His uncle has _______ for two years
例6.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同义句)
Her mother_______the Party three years ________ .
例7.It _____ten years since he left the army .
A.is B.hasC.will D. was
简析：现在完成时中,非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下：
close—→be closed, put on→wear, open—→be open get up—→be up, finish/end→be over, lose—→belost, marry—→be married(to),fall asleep/ go to sleep—→be asleep ( sleep ) ,
get to know—→knowcome/arrive—→be here/in , come/get back—→be back , go/leave-be away , become—→be, borrow—→keep ,buy—→have , begin/start—→be on ,
die—→be dead , join—→be in...,catch a cold—→have a cold等，
故例1、2、3、4的正确答案依次为：D、B、A、C。例5应填been dead。其次，可以用相应的延续性动词的过去时表示，故例6应填joined;ago。再次，还可用“It is +一段时间+since从句”来表示，故例7应选A.考点
五:考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别
例1.Miss Green isn't in the office. she______to the library .
A.has goneB.wentC.will goD.has been
例2.My parents ______Shandong for ten years .
A.have been in
B.have been to
C.have gone to
D.have been
简析：“have/has gone to +地点”表示“某人去了某地(还未回来)",指主语所指的人不在这儿.“have/has been in +地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用.“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地(但现在已不在那儿)。”故例1、2的正确答案皆为A。
(二)中考真题演练
【典型考例1】
(2019江苏南通)----Is everyone here, Jonathan? ----No. Sir. Millie is absent. She_______for two days.
A.has fallen ill
B. has been ill
C. fell ill
D. was ill
【析】正确答案B。句意是：乔纳森，人到齐了吗?老师，没有。米莉缺席了。她生病已经两天了。Fall ill与be ill都表示“生病”，但fall ill为非延续性动词，在现在完成时中不可与段时间连用，须转换为be ill才可以，所以，正确答案为B。
【典型考例2】
(2019广西玉林)---Jenny, your new tape player looks great.----Oh, it’s not new. I _____ it for three years.A.buy
B.have had
C.bought
D.have bought
【析】正确答案：B。句意是：詹妮，你的新随身听看上很不错啊!哦，它不是新的。我已经买了3年了。非延续性动词buy在现在完成时中，不可与段时间状语连用，因此，须转换为延续性同义动词have或own。所以，正确答案为B。
【真题演练】
一、根据汉语意义或首字母提示，写出正确单词。
1.(2019四川广安)I haven’t ________ (收到…来信) from Sally before.
2.(2019浙江杭州).I’m very hungry . I haven’t e_______ anything since 7:00 this morning
3.(2019广西北部湾经济开发区)Bob and Jim have been good friends_______(自从)they joined the same tennis team.
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2019山东青岛)The writer is so popular that he _______(sell) more than 200,000 books so far.
2.(2019江苏连云港)---I__________(have a fever)since last night.---You’d better go to see a doctor.
3.(2019江苏泰州)So far, the couple ___________ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.
4.(2019甘肃兰州)Jim has never ________(be) to Mount Tai in China.
5.(2019贵州安顺)Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and ________(keep) it for 5 days.
6.(2019湖北鄂州)Cathy and Linda__________( not be) back to their hometown for two years.
7.(2019江苏南通)----Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?----Sure. I__________(finish)my DIY project.
三、单项选择
1.(2019山东临沂)Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _________at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.
A. rose
B. have risen
C. rise
2.(2019安徽)—It's ten years since we came here—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.
A. work
B. worked
C. will work
D. have worked
3.(2019江苏泰州)---Have you ever been to Shanghai?---Of course. Actually, I _________therefor six years but now I live in Taizhou.
A. worked
B. was working
C. would work
D. have worked
4.(2019湖北武汉). I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.
A. have enjoyed
B. enjoyed
C. enjoy
D.had enjoyed
5.(2019湖南郴州)---- Where is Mr. Green?---- He__________the bookshop. You have to wait for him.
A. was going to
B. has gone to
C. has been to
6.(2019广东)My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.
A. was working
B. is working
C. has worked
D. will work
7.(2019湖北襄阳).---- Why won’t we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?---Because they_______Longzhong for a study trip.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. had gone to
D. had been to
8.(2019湖北随州)—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?—In July. I _____it for two weeks.
A.had
B. have had
C. have bought
D. bought
9.(2019江苏淮安)-Where are the teachers now? -In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.
A. have begun
B. have been
C. have had
D. have been held
10.(2019湖北黄冈)---Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.---She________Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. have gone to
D. have been to
11.(2019湖南长沙)I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.
A.am living
B.lived
C.have lived
12.(2019四川眉山)---Linda has____to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?---Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she____there.
A. been;will get
B. been;gets
C. gone;will get
D. gone;gets
13.(2019四川眉山)---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?--- In October. I____it for two months.
A. had
B. bought
C. have had
D. have bought
14.(2019福建)---Look! My mother _____ a new dress for me.----Wow, it looks very nice on you.
A.is making
B.has made
C.will make
15.(2019呼和浩特)The shop in Wanda Square _____ for six years, but I _____ there so far.
A.has opened; haven’t gone
B.has been open; haven’t been
C.has been open; haven’t gone
D.has been opened; haven’t been
16.(2019湖南湘潭)---Have you ever _____ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an ?----Yes. I went there last year.
A.gone to
B.been to
C.been in
17.(2019北京)Our school life____a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.
A. changes
B. changed
C. will change
D. has changed
18.(2019湖北宜昌)----What progress Huawei _____ in recent years!----No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.
A.is making
B.has made
C. makes
D. made
19.(2019贵州毕节)---How many letters____you____to your mother?--- 109 in all, since 2016.
A.has, written
B.have, written
C.did, write
D.are, writing20.(2019湖南湘西)---_____ you ever ______ Hong Kong --Zhuhai ____Macao Bridge ?---Not yet.
A.Did; visit
B.Are; visit
C.Have , visited
21.(2019哈尔滨)---Hi, Tom! _____ you ever ____ the Bird’s Nest ?----Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.
A.Have, been to
B.Have, gone to
C. Did, go to
22.(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔)As an exchange student, Alan_____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.
A.has been to
B.has been in
C.has gone to
23.(2019四川广元)---How long have you__________ your cap? It looks cool.---About two weeks.
A. borrowed
B. bought
C. had
24.(2019贵阳)Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erquan Yingyue. It ___ one of China's national treasures
.A.becomes
B.became
C.has become
25.(2019贵州黔西南)----How many letters _____ you _____ to your mother?----109in all, since 2016
A.has, written
B.have; written
C.did; write
D.are ; writing
Keys
一、1.heard
2eaten
3since
二、1.has sold
2.have had a fever
3.haven’t changed
4.been
5.has kept
6.haven’t been
7.have finished
三、1---5BDDAB
6---10CABBA
11--15CDCBD
16--20BDBBC;
21--25ABCCB
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