看法

1. How do you like sth? 你认为……怎么样？

How do you like Beijing?你觉得北京怎么样?

2. What do you think of sth?

What do you think of Beijing?你觉得北京怎么样?

建议

1. Why don’t you do sth? 怎么不做某事呢？

Why don’t you play football with us?为什么不跟我们一起踢足球呢?

2. Why not do sth? 何不做某事呢？

Why not play football with us?何不跟我们一起踢足球?

3. How / What about ...? ...... 怎么样？

How about going fishing?去钓鱼怎么样?

4. had better (not) do sth最好（不）做某事

You’d better study hard at English.你最好努力学英语。You’d better not stay up.你最好不要熬夜。

5. Let’s do sth咱们做……

Let’s go home.咱们回家吧。

出毛病

1. What’s the matter with sb / sth? 出什么毛病了？

What’s the matter with your watch?你的表出什么毛病了?

2. There is sth wrong with sth / sb 某物/某人出什么状况了

There is something wrong with my car.我的车出毛病了。

3.Something is wrong with ...……出了毛病

Something is wrong with my car.我的车出毛病了。

花费

1. It takes sb some time to do sth某人花多少时间做某事

It took me ages to find a present for Dad.我花了很长时间才找到一样给爸爸的礼物。

2. sb spends some time (in) doing sth某人花时间/钱做某事

I spent too much time watching television.我看电视花的时间太多。

3. sb spends some time / money on sth某人在某事上花时间/金钱

How long did you spend on your homework?你的家庭作业用了多长时间?She spent $100 on a new dress.她花了100美元买了一条新连衣裙。

4. sth costs sb some money某物花了某人多少钱

The meal cost us about $40.这顿饭花了我们约40美元。

5. sb pays some money for sth某人为某物付钱

She pays $200 a week for this apartment.这套房子她每周要付租金200美元。

异同

1. be different from与……不同

The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.北京的天气不同于南京的天气。

2. be the same as与……相同

His trousers are the same as mine.他的裤子和我的一样。

交往

1. welcome to欢迎到……

Welcome to China.欢迎来到中国。

2. say hello / goodbye to sb向某人告别

I came to say good-bye to you.我来向你道别。

3. be friendly to sb对某人友好

Mr Wang is very friendly to us.王先生对我们很友好。

4. help sb (to) do sth帮助某人做某事

Lucy often helps Lily (to) wash her clothes.露西经常帮莉莉洗衣服。He usually helps me (to) learn English.他通常帮助我学习英语。

5. help sb with sth帮助某人做某事

I sometimes help my mother with the housework.我有时帮妈妈做家务。

6. thank sb for (doing) sth感谢某人（做）某事

Thank you for your help.感谢你的帮助。Thank you for helping me.感谢你帮助我。

7. call / ring sb up 给某人打电话

I will call you up tomorrow.我明天给你打电话。

8. ask sb for sth向某人要某物

They often ask me for advice.他们经常向我寻求建议。

9. be busy doing sth忙于做某事

They are busy planting trees on the hill.他们忙着在山坡上种树。

10. be interested in sth对某事感兴趣

English is very interesting. We are all interested in it.英语很有趣。我们对英语都感兴趣。

11. be good at sth / doing sth擅长某事/做某事

He is good at English.他擅长英语。They are good at boating.他们擅长划船。

12. have nothing to do with sb

Get out! It has nothing to do with you.出去!这根本就不关你的事。

计划

1. be going to do sth

We are going to study in Japan.我们要去日本学习。

2. plan to do sth打算做某事

He planed to do his homework tonight.他今晚打算写作业。

3. make it +时间

Let’s make it 8:30.咱们把时间定在8点半吧。

4. be ready to do sth

We are ready to have lunch.我们准备吃午饭了。

5. go boating / fishing/ camping / climbing etc.

6. take sb to

Father will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.下周日爸爸要带我们去颐和园。

疑问

1. What ... for?为什么

What do you learn English for?你为什么学英语?

2. What … mean by doing …? 做……是什么意思？

What do you mean by doing that?你那么做什么意思?

3. What / Whoelse ...还有什么/还有谁……

What else did he say?他还说了些什么?Who else is going?还有谁去?

意愿、喜好

1. want to do sth想做某事

What do you want to do tomorrow?明天你想做什么?

2. want sb to do sth想让某人做某事

Do you want me to help?你要我帮忙吗?

3. feel like doing想做某事

We all felt like celebrating.我们都想庆祝一番。

4. would like to do sth愿意做某事

Would you like to go climbing with me?你愿意和我去登山吗?

5. would like sb to do sth愿意某人做某事

What would you like me to do?您要我做什么?

6. hope to do sth 希望某人做某事

We hope to arrive around two.我们希望能在两点钟左右到达。

7. have to do sth不得不做某事

I have to go home now.我现在必须得回家。

8. need to do sth需要做某事

You need to study hard.你需要努力学习。

9. need sth 需要某物

I don’t need your money.我不需要你的钱。

10. what to do做什么

We don’t know what to do next.我们不知道接下来做什么。

11. like doing / to do sth喜欢做某事

Jim likes swimming, but he doesn’t like to swim now.吉姆喜欢游泳，但他不喜欢现在游。

12. prefer A to B / prefer doing A to doing B

Lucy prefers English to French.语法与相比，露西更喜欢英语。I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema.与去电影院相比，我更喜欢呆在家里。

远近

1. be far from离……远

His school is far from his home.学校离他家很远。

2. be near to离……近

The hospital is near to the post office.医院离邮局很近。

使让

1. make sb do sth使某人做某事

My parents always make me do my homework before I go out.我父母总是要我做完作业再出去。

2. be made to do sth被迫做某事

I was made to wait four hours before I was examined by a doctor.我被迫等了四个小时才有医生给我做检查。

3. have sb do sth使某人做某事

You shouldn’t have the students work so hard.不应该让学生学得这么苦。

4. let sb do sth让某人做某事

They won’t let him leave the country.他们不许他离开这个国家。Let me sing a song for you.让我给你唱首歌吧。

5. tell sb to do sth让某人做某事

Mother told me to go shopping with her.妈妈要我跟她去购物。

6. ask sb to do sth请人做某事

Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow.请约翰明天把这些信寄出去。

起始

1. start doing / to do sth开始做某事

I started learning English in 1999.我1999年开始学英语I started to watch TV after finishing my homework.做完作业我开始看电视。

2. begin / start (sth) with sth以某事开始（某事）

They started the meeting with a song.他们在会议开始前唱了一首歌。

到达

1. get to / reach / arrive at / in 达到某地

I got to / arrived in / reached London late at night.我们深夜到达伦敦。

比较

1.主语+ be + the +最高级+ of / in短语

Lucy is the tallest in her class.露西在班里是最高的。

2.主语+ be +比较级+ than any other + n

Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.露西比班里其他同学都高。

否定转移

1.主语+ don’t think +从句认为……不……

I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.我认为明天不下雨。

感叹句

1. How + adj / adv +主+谓！多么……啊！

How beautiful the house is!多么漂亮的房子啊!

2. What + a / an + adj + n +主+谓！

What a beautiful house it is!多么漂亮的房子啊!

3. What + adj +复数名词/不可数名词+主+谓！

What bad weather it is today!今天天气真差啊!What nice people they are!他们是多好的人啊!

it作形式主语 / 宾语

1. It’s + adj + (for sb) to do sth做某事对某人来说怎么样

It’s really difficult to read your writing.你的笔迹真是难以辨认。It’s difficult for them to to get here much before seven.他们很难在七点以前早早地来到这里。

2. find it + adj + to do sth 发现做某事如何

The kids found it hard to stay still.孩子们觉得待着不动很难做到。

双宾语结构

1. give sb sth / give sth to sb把某物给某人

Jim gave me an English dictionary. / Jim gave an English dictionary to me.吉姆给了我一本英语字典。

2. show sb sth / show sth to sb给某人看某物/把某物给某人看

Please show me the map. / Please show the map to me.请把地图给我看一下。

3. pass sb sth / pass sth to sb把某物递给某人

Pass me the cup of tea. / Pass the cup of tea to me.把那杯茶递给我。

4. buy sb sth / buy sth for sb为某人买某物

Mother bought me a bike. / Mother bought a bike for me.妈妈给我买了自行车。

5. make sb sth / make sth for sb为某人制造某物

She made us all coffee. / She made coffee for us all.她给我们大家冲了咖啡。

6. call sb / sth + n把某人/某物叫做……

They decided to call the baby Mark.他们决定给婴儿取名马克。

非谓语结构

1. finish doing sth 做完某事

I finished cleaning my car just now.我刚刚洗完车。

2. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事

They all enjoy living and working in China.他们都很喜欢在中国生活和工作。

3. forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做）

I will never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。

4. forget to do sth忘了要做某事（未做）

I forgot to ask him for his address.我忘了跟他要地址。

5. remember doing sth记得做过某事（已做）

Do you remember turning off the lights before we came out?你记得我们出来之前关灯了吗?

6. remember to do sth记住去做某事（未做）

Remember to take some paper and a pen.记住带些纸，还要带上一支笔。

7. stop to do sth停下来去做另一件事

He stopped to talk with Mary when she entered the office.玛丽进办公室后，他停下来跟她说话。

8. stop doing sth 停止做某事

The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.老师进来后学生们不再说话。

9. go on doing sth不停地做某事

He said nothing but just went on working.他什么都不说，只是不停地干活。

10. go on to do sth（完成某事后）接着做另一件事

He went on to read after finishing washing the dishes.他洗完盘子去读书了。

11. go on with sth 继续某事

He went on with his work after a short rest.短暂休息后他继续工作。

12. watch / see / hear sb do sth观看/看见/听到某人做了某事（全过程）

I saw you put the key in your pocket.我见你把钥匙放进了口袋里。

13. watch / see / hear sb doing sth 观看/看见/听到某人在做某事（点动作）

He saw the boy playing alone by the lake this time yesterday.

昨天这个时候他看到那个男孩儿独自在湖边玩耍。

       编辑推荐：

       2023年中考各科目重点知识汇总