01

考查宾语从句的引导词

引导词主要有以下三种情况：

第一，宾语从句是陈述句的时候，引导词用that，在口语中可以省略。如：

We believe (that) he is honest.

第二，如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句转换而来的，那么它的引导词就用if或whether。在一般情况下，这两个词可以通用。但是，如果从句中有or not或者从句充当介词的宾语时，我们只能用whether。如:

I don't know if/whether she will come here.

Sorry, I don't know whether he will come or not.

第三种情况，宾语从句是特殊疑问句的时候，引导词就用特殊疑问词，如：

Could you tell me where the post office is?

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.

02

考查宾语从句的时态

GRADUATION SEASON

英语从句的时态，主要是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般分为以下三种情况：

第一，主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或者是祈使句的时候，从句的时态要根据具体的情况，选用相应的时态。如:

He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.

第二，如果主句的时态是过去时，那么从句的时态也要用过去相应的某一时态，如:

She said she missed us very much.

第三，如果从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象或者是普遍真理的时候，从句的时态要用一般现在时，如：

He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.

03

考查宾语从句的语序

GRADUATION SEASON

宾语从句的语序问题，要注意以下两个方面：

1、在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句是特殊疑问句的时候，要使用陈述语句，我们一起看下面的例句：

I want to know when the train left.

我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。

注意：

1).有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：

What's wrong with...?

Which is the way to...?

What happened to you...?

What's the matter/trouble...?

Who studies the hardest in your class?

2).do you think 后接宾语从句时,特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think 作为插入语。如：

Who do you think he is talking with?

Which do you think is the most important invention?

2、在直接引语变间接引语的时候，如果是will, be, have, can组成的疑问句，在变宾语从句的时候，要把这些词还原，同时要根据主句的时态，做相应的变化。

"Will you be free tomorrow?" she asked me?

→She asked me if/whether I would be free tomorrow.

如果是由do, does, did构成的疑问句，在变成宾语从句的时候，要去掉这些词，并且从句的时态要根据主句的时态作出相应变化，如:

"Does he speak English well?" Mary asked me.

→Mary asked me if/whether he spoke English well.

04

考查宾语从句的否定前移

宾语从句的否定前移，要满足两个条件：一个是主句的主语是I或者是we;第二个条件是主句的谓语动词是think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等，从句中的否定，要移到主句谓语动词的前面，看下面的例句：

I don't suppose he will come.

注意：如果主句主语不是I 或者we，则not不前移。如：

She thinks she can't arrive there on time.

05

考查宾语从句的转化

宾语从句的转化有下面四种情况。

1、从句主语和主句主语相同，而且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等的时候，从句可以转化为不定式结构;如果谓语动词是know, remember ,forget, learn等的时候，从句可以转化为疑问词加不定式结构，如：

We hope that we can see you again.

→We hope to see you again.

I don't know what I should say.

→I don't know what to say.

2、当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等的时候，并且从句主语和主句的间接宾语一致，从句也可以转化为不定式结构或者是疑问词加不定式结构。大家看下面例句：

1).Jim tells us that we should draw on the wall.

→Jim tells us not to draw on the wall.

2).Will you please tell me where I can buy this book?

→Will tell me where to buy this book?

3、还有些宾语从句，可以转化为复合宾语的结构形式，经常会用到的动词有find, think, make等，如：

I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.

=I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.

I find she is a good girl.

=I find her a good girl.

4、最后一点，由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句，来看例句：

We did what we could to help you.

=We did everything (that) we could to help you.

Robert saw what Mr. Smith did.

=Robert saw everything (that) Mr. Smith did.

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