2023年初中英语——词法之形容词
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1考点一 : 形容词功能
形容词在句子中可以作定语、表语或补足语等。
1
作定语，放在名词前或不定代词后。
eg. It’s acold and windyday.
eg.Would you likesomethinghot to drink?
注：形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后;形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。
2
作表语，放在系动词后。
eg.Helooks happytoady.
eg.Silkfeels soft.
eg.Milk is able toturn badeasily in summer.
注：常见的系动词有be, become, get(变), make(使), turn(变), keep, feel, look(看起来), seem, smell, sound, taste。
3
作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后作宾补
eg.We are making our countrystrong.
注：常跟在keep、make、leave、find后。
4
形容词前面+定冠词the，表示一类人
eg. the old老年人 theyoung 年轻人
2考点二 : 比较级和最高级变形
规则变化：
不规则变化：
3考点三 : 形容词的用法
1
形容词原级(as/so....as)
☆ 讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。
句型:主语(sb./sth) + 谓语+ (very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词原级 +….
eg1. He is very old now.
eg2. They ran quitefast.
eg3. The weather looks rather bad.
eg4. I am so happy!
☆ 两者之间无差别
句型:主语(第一个人)+ 谓语+ as + 形容词原级 + as+第二个人+….
eg1. He is as excited as his younger sister.
eg2. Lily rode her bike as slowlyas an old lady.
eg3. They picked as manyapples as the farmers (did).
☆ 第一个人比不上第二个人
句型:主语(第一个人)+谓语(否定式)+ as/so + 形容词原级+as+ 第二个人+….
eg1. He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.
eg2. Lily did not ride her bike so as slowlyas an old lady.
eg3. They didn't pick so / as manyapples as the farmers (did).
2
形容词比较级
☆ 两者有差异，第一个人物超过第二个人物
句型:主语(第一个人)+谓语+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词比较级+than+第二个人+….
eg1. A modern train is much faster than a car.
eg2. This book didn’t cost me morethan that one.
☆ 两者有差异，第一个人物不及第二个人物时
eg1.I think English is less difficult than maths.
eg2.Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?
☆“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”
eg. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
☆“the+比较级… , the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”
eg1. The more trees we plant,the better it will be.
eg2. The harderyou try,the greateryour progress is.
“Which / Who+动词+形容词, A or B ?”
☆
eg. Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?
☆ 一般的形容词比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still, more可表数量
eg1. It is much colder today than yesterday.
eg2. Would you like some more coffee?
eg3. He did not eat any more.
☆ 上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins/more than/less than等表示两个事物的词
eg1. I lived in New York for more than four months.
eg2. Do you like the smaller one?—Neither.
3
形容词最高级
某人/物是三者或三者以上中最突出的一个
☆
句型:主语(sb/sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词最高级 +in / of ….
eg. He jumped (the) highestof the three (boys).
“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”,谓语用单数。
☆
has
eg. One of the oldest housesbeen burnt in a fire.
“Which / Who+动词+形容词, A ,B or C ?”
☆
eg. Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?
上下文中含有all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物。
☆
eg. Which do you like best? –All of them!
形容词前面+序数词，表示“第几最.....”
☆
eg1. The Changjiang River isthe longest in China.
eg2. The YellowRiver isthe second longest in China.
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