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1，表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作。 When he arrived at 9:30 am, two people were waiting outside the office.

当他早上9:30到办公室时，有两个人在外面等着他。

It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily.

那是一个漆黑的夜晚。狂风怒号，暴雨如注。

2，过去一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行中.While we were having maths the head master broke into the classroom.

我们在上数学课时，校长闯了进来。

Mary was making a dress when she cut her finger. 玛丽割破手指时正在做衣服。

3，过去时间里两件事同时发生. While Mr. Atkins was reading the newspaper, his wife Mrs. Atkins was preparing the dinner.

阿特金斯先生在看报纸的时候，他的妻子阿特金斯太太正在准备晚餐

两件事同时发生，一般用while表示“当…时候”(不要用when)