2023年初中英语|状语从句类型及分析
在我的英语学习生涯中,几乎只有主谓宾,因为它们是句子的主干部分,以我的经验,在考试中常考的还有句子的定语成分,而状语很多时候只是考察动词形式的变化,所以我就不怎么注意状语,这也就导致了我到目前为止,还不能熟练地分清状语的类型,毕竟我觉得它并不是很重要。事实上,状语是句子的一个重要修饰成分。
它可以从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心词进行修饰、限制。
1概念:状语是说明动作或状态特征的成分。状语的英文单词adverbial。adv.(它是副词adverb的缩写)。状语adverbial和副词adverb的联系紧密。副词所充当的句子成分就是状语。所以,我们需要弄明白了副词的作用,以便于理解状语的功能。
例1:He works hard. 他工作努力。(副词“努力地”作“状语”,用来修饰“动词”“工作”)例2:He works very hard. 他工作非常努力。(副词“非常”作状语,用来修饰“副词”“努力地”的程度)例3:He is very smart. 他非常聪明。(副词“非常”作状语,用来修饰“形容词”“聪明的”的程度)例4: Unluckily, he didn't pass the exam. 很不幸,他没通过考试。(副词“不幸地”作状语,用来修饰“整个句子”)可以看出副词/状语的功能有四:修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、句子。
2,分类:因为副词的种类很多,因此状语分类也比较多。按照用途作用常见的状语可分为11种:
1, 时间状语: I watched TV last night.
2, 地点状语: They are playing football on the playground.
3, 原因状语: He was sent to prison for robbery.
4, 结果状语: Most importantly, studying the humanities invests us with great insight and self-awarness, thereby releasing our creative energy and talent in a positive and constructive manner.
5, 条件状语: I can't live without you, my baby!
6, 让步状语: With all his efforts, he lost the game.
7, 目的状语: I joined you to learn grammar.
8, 方式状语: I study grammar via the internet.
9, 程度状语: I like grammar very much.
10, 伴随状语: She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.
11, 方面状语: I do well in English grammar. Follow us now!
(二)哪些词/结构可以充当状语?
1, They are playing football on the playground. (介词短语)
2, Eve works hard. (副词)
3, The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. (不定式短语)
4, His parents died, leaving him an orphan. (现在分词短语)
5, Moved by the movie, the audience began to cry.(过去分词短语)
6, He began to learn English when he was eleven. (状语从句)
(三)状语的位置在哪里?
状语的位置灵活多变,不同的状语分别可以放到句首、句中和句末。
(四)学状语的意义是什么?
一,状语最重要的功能是修饰和限定动词,所以学会了状语用法可以让动词表现得更加具体形象。
二,了解熟悉了状语可以为写作润色。不同的词或结构作状语可使文章显得句式丰富多彩。
三,掌握状语,也能很大程度提升你的阅读理解和速度。