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形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则

1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;

(1)单音节词，如：

small→smaller→smallest

short→shorter→shortest

(2)双音节词，如：

clever→cleverer→cleverest

narrow→narrower→narrowest

2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;如：

large→larger→largest

3.在重读闭音节(即：辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如：

big→bigger→biggest

hot→hotter→hottest

fat→fatter→fattest

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如：

easy→easier→easiest

heavy→heavier→heaviest

5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;如：

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful

different→more different→most different

easily→more easily→most easily

注意：

(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用.

The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

(2)形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常".

It is a most important problem.

=It is a very important problem.

6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如：good/well→better→best

bad/ill→worse→worst

old→older/elder→oldest/eldest

many/much→more→most

little→less→least

far→further/farther

→furthest/farthes