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被动语态的结构及用法

1)被动语态的几种句型

肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)

eg: My phone was made in China.

否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+(by)

eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by)?

eg: Was your phone made in China?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by)?

eg: Where was your phone made?

2)不同时态中的被动语态

3) 被动语态的用法

当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.

昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。(不知谁打破的)

They have been poorly paid.

他们的工资太低。(没必要指出工资是谁付的)

突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。

These books are written especially for children.

这些书是专门为孩子们写的。(强调的是“这些书”)