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英语中的动词有五种基本形式

：

原形 (do, write, think)

es

单数第三人称形式 (do, write, think)

to

不定式 ( do, write, think) *'to' 有些情况下可省略

ing

现在分词 (do, writ, think)

en, thought

过去分词 (done, writt)

现在完成时的动词构成：助动词(have/has) + 动词过去分词形式（5),

比如：

have done

a) I it many times.

has written

b) She three books.

Have

c) you about it carefully?

所有的动词都可以有现在完成时。

那什么时候需要用现在完成时？

就是当你想要表达到说话时为止，某个动作已经完成，并且你想强调这个动作对现在的影响。结合上面的例子说明：

have done

a) “I it many times.” 隐含的意思可能是 [So, I know how to do it. You don't need to teach me how to do it.]

has written

b) "She three books." 隐含的意思可能是 [She is great! She is working on another book now.]

Have

c) " you about it carefully?" 隐含的意思可能是 [If you haven't, then you probably should because this is an important matter.]

一般过去时

如果纯粹想说到说话时为止，某个动作已经完成，不强调和现在的联系，就可以用。比如：

did

e) I it.

wrote

f) She three books.

Did

g) you about it carefully?