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1. call

v.(给……)打电话;称呼;叫;n.电话;呼叫

关联词组：

动词短语：call for要求，需要;提倡;call off=cancel取消;call back回电;叫回，收回;call up打电话;召集;征召(入伍)call on/upon呼吁，号召;拜访

名词短语：make a (telephone) call打电话;give sb. a call给某人打电话

Lydia runs and picks up rubbish along the way. What she does is called "plogging", an activity combining collecting rubbish with running

2. cancel

v. 取消，撤销

关联词组：cancel button取消按钮

词形变化：过去式canceled或cancelled，过去分词canceled或cancelled，过去分词canceling或cancelling

近义词：call off

易混单词：cancer n.癌症

-The plan for summer study trip may be ______________ (cancel).

- Really? I'm looking forward to it.

3. capital

n. 首都，省会;资本;大写字母;adj.首都的，省会的;资本的;大写的

关联词组：capital city省会城市;capital letter大写字母

易混单词：captain n.船长，队长;(海军)上校

16. Berlin is _________capital of Germany.

A./ B. a C. the

4.careful

adj.小心的，谨慎的;仔细的

Be careful!用作祈使句，意思是“小心!”，表示提醒

be careful of (about)…表示“当心，留意”

be careful with表示做某事很小心或仔细

词性转换：carefully adv.小心地，仔细地;carefulness n.小心，仔细;care v.在乎;关心

反义词：careless adj.粗心大意的;漫不经心的

The host usually makes full ____14____ by carefully tidying up the house and _____15_____ a lot of delicious dishes.

14 A. plans B. decisions C. preparations

15. A. enjoying B. cooking C. washing

5. catch

v.&n.赶上;抓住，捕捉

词形变化：过去式caught，过去分词caught

关联词组：catch up (with)赶上，追上;catch a cold感冒了;catch fire着火;catch one’s breath喘气

“Put on your coat, you will catch a cold!” This is what my mum often says to me.

A. and B. but C. or D. so

6. cause

v.引起，导致

关联词组：cause trouble惹麻烦

用法：cause sb./sth. to do sth.使得……做某事;常用语被动语态：sth. is caused by…某事是由……引起的

The accident 69 (cause) by a fight between the driver and a passenger, killing all 15 people on the bus.

7. celebrate

v.庆祝

关联词组：celebrate Christmas庆祝圣诞节

词性转换：celebration n.庆祝，庆典

I plan to go abroad to celebrate my twentieth birthday in ___________ (八月) .

8. centre

n.中心，中央

美式拼写：center

关联词组：shopping centre购物中心;in the centre of…处于……的中心

词性转换：central adj.中心的，中枢的

How can we do trampolining safely?

A. Buy an expensive trampoline. B. Jump in the center of a trampoline.

C. Choose a trampoline without a net. D. Lose weight before starting trampolining.

9. century

n.世纪，百年

用法：一般放在序数词的后面，表示第几个世纪，如二十一世纪：the 21st century

The radio telescope thus appeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century.

10. certain

adj. 确定的，无疑的，一定会

关联词组：to a certain degree/extent一定程度上;for certain肯定，确定，无疑

用法：be certain that确定，肯定;be certain of/about sth.肯定(确信)某事;be certain to do sth.一定/确定做某事;be certain of doing sth.有把握做某事

词性转换：certainly adv.当然 certainty n.确定性;确实的事

同义词：sure adj.一定的，确信的

To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing.

11. chance

n. 机会;可能性

关联词组：by chance=by accident偶然;by any chance万一;take one’s chance碰运气;give sb. a chance给某人一次机会;the chances are that…可能……

Since I was ___15___prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.

15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically