2022年中考英语知识点:巧记that与who(whom)的异同
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巧记that与who(whom)的异同
1.相同点:that和who引导定语从句时都可指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
Do you know the man that/who spoke at the meeting just now?
你认识刚才在会议上讲话的那个人吗?(指人,作主语)
He is the man (that/who/whom) they talked about just now.
他就是刚才他们谈论的那个人。(指人,作宾语,可省略)
2. 不同点:
(1)如果先行词(指人)作表语,关系代词只能用that,而不能用who,如:
He isn’t the man that he used to be.
=He isn’t what he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中,先行词指人时不能用that而要用who(whom)。
Last week I met Jim, who seemed very worried. 上周我碰到了吉姆,他好像很焦虑。
On the second floor, there lived a young man, who was an artist. 二楼住着一个青年画家。
(3)关系代词前有介词时,只能用whom。如:
The man to whom you spoke just now is our English teacher. 你刚才同他说话的那个人是我们的英语老师。
(4)当先行词和关系代词被介词短语分离时(即分离式定语从句)一般只有that。
I was the only people in my office who was invited.我是我们办公室里唯一被邀请的人。
Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her backwho is working in the field?
你认识那个穿着蓝色衣服,背上背着一个孩子,正在田里劳动的妇女吗?
(5)一个句子若有两个定语从句且先行词指人时,关系代词一个用that,另一个宜用who,以免重复。如:
The boy that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is a student who studies very hard.
昨天在会上受到表扬的那个男孩,是一位学习努力的学生。
(6)当先行词为代词he,they,those(指人)和不定代词(one,anyone, everyone)时,只能用who。如:
Anyone who failed in the English exam should be criticized. 英语考试不及格的同学应该受到批评。
He who does not reach the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
(7)指人的先行词位于there be 后时,一般用who,而不用that。如:
There is a student who wants to ask you some questions. 有位同学想问你几个问题。
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