初中英语:情态动词(2)
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3. may
⑴ 表示请求、许可,比can正式,
如:May I borrow your bike? You may go home now.
⑵ 表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。
如:It may rain tomorrow . She may be at home.
⑶ may的过去式为 might。might 也可以表示可能性低于may(此时might没有过去式的意思)。
如:He is away from school. He might be sick.
⑷ 表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V
如:May you have a good time.
May you be happy!
May you succeed!
4. must
⑴ must 表示主观看法,意为“必须”。
如:You must stay here until I come back.
Must I hand in my homework right now?
⑵ 对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t 或don’t have to .
如:—Must I finish my homework?
—No, you needn’t.
⑶ must也可以表示有把握的推测,意为“ 一定,肯定”,用于肯定句。
如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.
⑷ 其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止,不许”。
如:You mustn’t play with fire.
You mustn’t be late.
注意其反意问句的构成形式:
当must表示肯定的判断、推测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。
如:She must have seen the film before,hasn’tshe?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
