Image Modal for Mobile

全国站 中考网-全国站

中考网

人教版(新目标)初中英语八年级下册Unit10 知识点精析(2)

2020-04-08 16:02:12中考网整理
点击免费领取中考核心考点资料!


  01

  词汇讲解

  1. for/since

  (1) for与表示一段时间的词连用,表示“做某事多长时间了”,常用于现在完成时,表示从过去某时开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。for所在句子中的动词是延续性动词。例如:

  I’ve lived inChinafor two years. 我住在中国两年了。

  I’ve known him for more than twenty years. 我认识他20多年了。

  (2) since作连词,引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句常用完成时。例如:

  I have studied English since I came here. 自从我来这里就学习英语。

  I have known her since I was five years old. 自从我五岁就认识她。

  since还可以作介词,连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如:

  She has been ill since last weekend.

  她自从上周末就病了。

  She has been in Wuhan since four years ago.

  自从四年前她就在武汉。

  2. maker

  maker是名词,意为“生产者;制造者”,是由“动词make + 后缀-r”构成的。英语中,表示职业或身份的名词小结:

  (1) 以-ist结尾的有:

  pianist钢琴家  chemist化学家  violinist小提琴家

  physicist物理学家  scientist科学家

  (2) 以-er,-r或-or结尾的有:

  teacher教师  painter画家

  writer作家  singer歌唱家

  visitor参观者    actor演员

  engineer工程师  inventor发明家

  professor教授  reporter记者

  (3) 以-man结尾的有:

  postman邮递员  policeman警察

  businessman商人   spaceman宇航员

  fisherman渔夫   dustman清洁工

  (4) 以-ian结尾的有:

  musician音乐家  politician政治家

  3. certain

  certain作形容词,意为“某种;某事;某人”。例如:

  He decided to sell his certain books.

  他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。

  【拓展】certain作形容词,意为“确定的;无疑的”,相当于sure,对应的副词为certainly。certain常用于以下结构中:

  be certain / sure of sth. 对某事有把握

  be certain / sure to do sth. 肯定做某事

  be certain / sure + that从句  确信……   例如:

  They are certain / sure of success. 他们有把握成功。

  I’m certain / sure that he will come. 我确信他会成功的。

  4. a 46-year-old husband and father

  46-year-old是复合形容词,这种形容词有两个特点:一是词与词之间要用连字符连接;二是数词之后的名词用单数形式。例如:

  a three-meter-long line一条三米长的绳子

  【拓展】岁数的表达方式小结:

  (1) 基数词 + years old。例如:

  He is 8 years old. 他八岁了。

  (2) 基础词-year-old。例如:

  Lucy is an eighteen-year-old girl. Lucy是一位18岁的女孩。

  (3) 名词 + of + 基础词。例如:

  Tom is a boy of 18. Tom是一位18岁的男孩。

  (4) at the age of + 基数词。例如:

  She is at the age of 18. 她18岁了。

  5. shame

  shame是不可数名词,意为“羞耻;羞愧;惭愧”。可与不定冠词a连用,表示“可耻的人或事;可惜(遗憾)的事”。例如:

  He felt no shame for what he had done.

  他对自己所做过的事不感到羞愧。

  It’s a shame that you can’t stay for dinner.

  你不能留下吃晚饭,真遗憾。

  【拓展】shame常见的短语有:

  feel shame at…因……而感到羞愧

  in shame羞愧地

  have no shame无羞耻心

  with shame羞愧地

  to one’s shame令某人感到羞愧的是

  bring shame on使丢脸

  6. regard

  regard作及物动词,意为“注视;注意;认作”。常用短语regard…as…意为“将……视为……;把……当作……”,as为介词,其后可接名词或代词。例如:

  I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当作我最好的朋友。

  We regard him as our brother. 我们把他当成兄弟看待。

  7. opposite

  (1) opposite作介词,意为“在……对面”,相当于across from,常与名词一起构成介词短语,表方位。例如:

  They live opposite the bank. 他们住在银行对面。

  (2) opposite作形容词,意为“另一边的;对面的;相反的”。例如:

  We live on the opposite side of the road. 我们住在马路对面。

  (3) opposite作副词,意为“在对面”。例如:

  There’s an old man living opposite. 有一个老人住在对面。

  (4) opposite作名词,意为“相反的人或物;对立面”,常与介词of一起使用。例如:

  “Tall” is the opposite of “short”. “高”是“矮”的反义词。

  8. consider

  consider作动词,意为“考虑、认为”,它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。

  Please consider my suggestion.

  请考虑我的建议。

  Why don’t you consider visiting Qing Dao?

  你为什么不考虑去青岛参观?

  I consider that he is a selfish man.

  我认为他是一个自私的人。

  【拓展】

  后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳:

  完成,实践,值得,忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy);

  考虑,建议,不禁,想(consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like);

  错过,习惯,(别)放弃(miss, be used to, give up);

  继续,喜欢,(要)介意(keep on, enjoy, mind)。

  练一练:

  I. 英汉互译。

  1. 多久___________________

  2. not …any more __________

  3. grow up_____________

  4. 起初___________________

  5. as for __________________

  6. give up_____________

  7. 至少________________

  8. 一年一两次________________

  9. according to ______________

  10. in order to___________________

  II. 根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词。

  1. All my life I have tried to be an _________(诚实的) man.

  2. He tied a _________(围巾) around his neck.

  3. Please ________(检查) your answer again.

  4. It’s very comfortable to step on the _________(柔软的) ground in the spring.

  5. During the 1830s, countries all over the world started to build _________(铁路).

  6. He is the tallest one _____(在……当中) the boys.

  7. In judging him you should ________(仔细考虑) his youth.

  8. I have many pleasant _________(回忆) of our friendship.

  9. My little son can _________(数数) from one to ten.

  10. Miss Li _______(搜寻) on the Internet for the information she needed.

  III. 用since或for填空。

  1. Jill has been inIreland_________ Monday.

  2. Jill has been inIreland_________ three days.

  3. My aunt has lived inAustralia_________ 15 days.

  4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there _______ 7 o’clock.

  5.Indiahas been an independent country ________ 1947.

首页 上一页 下一页 尾页

相关推荐

点击查看更多
特别策划更多
进入特别策划频道