人教版(新目标)初中英语八年级下册Unit 6(2)
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(3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。例如:
I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.
我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
2. suddenly
suddenly作副词,意为“突然,忽然”,在句中多修饰动词或句子,做状语。例如:
I suddenly remembered that I didn’t bring my key.
我突然想起来我没有带钥匙。
It all happened so suddenly.
一切都发生得那么突然。
3. either
(1) either作副词,意为“也不”,用在否定句中。例如:
He can’t play the violin. I can’t, either.
他不会拉小提琴,我也不会。
(2) either pron. (两者中)任意一个。例如:
There are many trees on either side of the street.
在街道的每一边都有很多树。
(3) either…or…为连词短语,连接两个相同的句子成分,意为“要么……要么……;或者……或者……;不是……就是……”。例如:
He either stays at home or visits friends on the weekend.
在周末,他要么待在家里,要么拜访朋友。
They will come either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.
他们不是明天来,就是后天来。
【注意】
either…or…连接两个主语时,谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持一致,即遵循就近原则。例如:
Either I or he is on duty today.
今天不是我值日,就是他值日。
4. light
(1)light作不可数名词,意为“光;光亮;光线”。例如:
The sun gives out light and heat.
太阳发出光和热。
He read the letter by the light of the candle.
他在烛光下读那封信。
(2)light作可数名词,意为“电灯;光源”。例如;
Don’t cross the road when the traffic lights are red.
当交通灯是红色时,不要横穿马路。
(3)light作形容词,意为“轻的;浅色的”。例如:
Is the box heavy or light?
那箱子是重还是轻?
I like the light green dress.
我喜欢哪件浅绿色的裙子。
(4)light作动词,意为“点燃;照亮”。例如:
He sat down and lit a cigarette.
他坐下来,点了一支烟。
5. beat
beat是及物动词,有以下用法:
(1) 意为“赢;打败;战胜”,后接人或某一团队、组织等,其过去式为beat。例如:
I beat him at long jump yesterday.
昨天跳远我赢了他。
(2) 意为“打;击”,表示连续不断的打击。例如:
Who is beating the drum? 谁在打鼓?
(3) 表示“(心脏)等跳动”。例如:
I feel my heart is beating fast.
我觉得我的心脏在剧烈跳动。
【拓展】
beat和win都有“赢”的意思,但用法不同:
beat的宾语为人或相当于人的团体、组织;而win的宾语为比赛或某个项目,过去式为won。例如:
Though we were weak, we beat them.
虽然我们弱,但我们赢了他们。
Who won the first prize in the competition?
谁在比赛中赢得了一等奖?
6. against
against是介词,其用法如下:
(1) 反对,违反。对应的反义词为for,常用于be against sb. / sth.反对某人/某事例如:
Are most people against having a part-time job?
大多数人反对做兼职工作吗?
(2) 和……交战(指竞争、比赛等)。例如:
We’ll have a basketball match against the team from No. 2 Middle School next week.
下星期我们将于二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。
(3) 碰、撞、擦。例如:
Rain beats against the window. 雨打在窗户上。
(4) 倚着、靠着。例如:
There was a ladder propped up(支撑) against the wall.
一把梯子靠着墙。
(5) 防备,抗……。例如:
She saved money against old age. 她攒钱防老。
(6) 逆着……。例如:
We are sailing against the wind. 我们(的船)正逆风航行。
(7) 衬托,相映,对照。例如:
Red flags stand out brightly against the blue sky.
红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。
7. try
try作动词,意为“尝试,努力”。主要用法如下:
(1) try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事,尽量去做某事”,其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如:
Try not to be late again.
尽量别再迟到了。
Try to get here in two hours.
尽量在两小时之内到达。
(2)try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”,强调尝试做某事。例如:
You should try eating more vegetables.
你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。
(3)try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如:
We should try our best to finish the work on time.
我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。
8. hard/hardly
hardly和hard形式上很接近,但意义截然不同。
(1)hard作形容词时,意为“困难的;硬的;勤奋的;严厉的;苛刻的”。
hard作副词时常用来表示程度,意为“努力地;猛烈地;剧烈地”。例如:
I work hard at school. 我在学校努力学习。
This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬,挖不动。
They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作,以求得成功。
【拓展】
work hard at…意为“努力于……”。例如:
He is working hard at English. 他正在努力学习英语。
(2)hardly是表频率的副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,相当于almost not,并非hard的副词形式。例如:
There is hardly any coffee left.
= There’s almost no coffee left.
几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。
练一练:
I. 英汉短语互译。
1.沉默;无声________ 2.remember to do ________
3.首先;最初________ 4.have fun doing sth.________
5.感觉;好像________ 6.on the playground ________
7.(闹钟)发出响声_______ 8.report sth. to sb. ________
9.逐渐变弱、消失________ 10.fall asleep _____________
II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。
1.Maybe there will be a thunder ________(暴风雨).
2.My mind ________(突然) switched back to my conversation with Jeremy.
3.The smoker tossed away the lighted ________(火柴)and so caused a fire.
4.I can’t read while you are standing in my ________(光线).
5.It was _______(报道) that there was going to be a football match.
6.The farm is about 50 or 60 square kilometers in the ________(地区).
7.You should fly your kite a ________ the wind.
8.It rained so ________(大) last night that the lake is full of water now.
9.John was very tired.He soon fell a ________.
10.I just want to b________ this bad guy.
