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初中英语语法专项复习之there be句型的常考点

2020-04-07 17:34:24中考网整理
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  No.1

  there be 句型基本认识

  1.定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

  2.结构:

  (1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语

  (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语

  注意事项:there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如:

  ① There is a bird in the tree.   树上有一只鸟。

  ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.  我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。

  ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。

  No.2

  there be 句型的常考点

  考点一:各种句型转化

  1.变成否定

  There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如:

  There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.

  There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

  2.变成一般疑问句

  There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。

  There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?

  There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?

  3.特殊疑问句

  对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导,当主语是物的时候,则用what 引导。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:

  There are many things over there. →What's over there?

  There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?

  对地点状语提问:则用where 引导。如:

  There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?

  There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?

  对数量提问:般有两种句型结构:

  How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?

  How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?

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