第7讲 介词

 

　　别看介词是一种虚词，它在句中的作用却非常重要。它用来表明名词与句中其他词的关系，

 

　　不能单独使用。常考点包括一些固定搭配和一些近义词。固定搭配如：on one's way 　　home,help...with,send for,be interested in..., be late for, be angry  with,be good at等。当然这需要你好好记忆了。

 

　　常用介词解析及用法比较：

 

　　at,on和in：这三个介词在试卷中的出现频率极高。对于它们的的分辨只要记住一句话就可以了。at表示点，on表示线，in表示面。什么意思呢？也就是说它们表达的范围逐渐增大。at six o'clock, at noon, at the age of sixteen等用at表示时刻或时间的点以及年龄。on具体到一周中的各天,日期及某特定的一天早上,下午,晚上：on Saturday，on July 1st，on my birthday，on the morning of July 16th，on a spring afternoon。in表达的范围更大一些。与世纪、年代、季节、月份以及早上、上午、晚上等连用。如：in the seventh century，in 1950's ,in 2000, in the morning等。

 

　　for,since：for表示多长时间。since后接时间起点,其终点往往为现在，常与完成时连用。牢牢记住哟。

 

　　after, in ：这两个介词都可以表示时间"在以后"的意思。其区别是：after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子；in 以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子。

 

　　by，with，in：by表示"以...的方式，方法，手段" 和 "乘某种交通工具"；with指"借助于具体的手段或工具"；in 表示"以......方式，用语言，文字等媒介"。

 

　　for和of：试比较：It's impossible for me to watch TV after eleven o'clock. It's kind of you to help me.

 

　　两句中介词的选择依据其前形容词而定,一般来说,of之前的形容词往往是用于描写人的品质的好坏，人自身的特点，如聪明与否，细心与粗心等；for之前的形容词用于描写事物的特点，如可能性，必然性，难易程度等。

 

　　好，又到了趁热打铁的时间了，来检测一下你的学习成效如何？

 

　　练习：

 

　　1. Can you tell the story ______Russian?

 

　　A. with

 

　　B. in

 

　　C. on

 

　　D. by

 

　　2. Here are some birthday cards ______ our teachers, ______ our best wishes.

 

　　A. of, with

 

　　B. for, with

 

　　C. of, in

 

　　D. for, in

 

　　3. The visitors _______Japan arrived _____ Beijing station last Tuesday morning .

 

　　A. from, at

 

　　B. of , to

 

　　C. from , to

 

　　D. of, on

 

　　4. He's badly hurt, we must send _____ a doctor at once.

 

　　A. to

 

　　B. up

 

　　C. on

 

　　D. for

 

　　5. Do you usually come to school ______ foot or _____- bike?

 

　　A. by ... by

 

　　B. on... on

 

　　C. on ... by

 

　　D. by ... on

 

　　6. --when was Jim born?

 

　　--______July, 18,1978.

 

　　A.on

 

　　B.at

 

　　C. in

 

　　D.to

 

　　7. WeiFang bought a new pen at a shop _____ her way home.

 

　　A. on

 

　　B. at

 

　　C. in

 

　　D. to

 

　　8. Don't tell anybody about it. Keep it a secret _______ you and me.

 

　　A. among

 

　　B. between

 

　　C. in

 

　　D. with

 

　　9. The teacher will be back ______ an hour.

 

　　A. in

 

　　B. after

 

　　C. of

 

　　D. at

 

　　10. -- How long have you been in Beijing ?

 

　　--I've been here _____ 1989.

 

　　A. in

 

　　B.since

 

　　C.on

 

　　D.for

 

　　实战：

 

　　1. ______man in brown is _____friend of my fathere's .

 

　　A. The.. the

 

　　B. The ... a

 

　　C. A... a

 

　　D. A... the

 

　　2. Here is a letter ______ you. It's ______your aunt.

 

　　A. to... for

 

　　B. for... to

 

　　C. from ... to

 

　　D. for ... from

 

　　3. The twins are ____ interested in Chinese food.

 

　　A. all

 

　　B. both

 

　　C. neither

 

　　D. each

 

　　4. It is ______ hot in Nanjing in summer.

 

　　A. too much

 

　　B. much too

 

　　C. much more

 

　　D. so much

 

　　5.That's too dear. Have you got_______?

 

　　A. cheaper something

 

　　B. everything cheaper

 

　　C. cheaper anything

 

　　D. anything cheaper

 

　　6. --Can I go out to play football now?

 

　　--No, you _______. You must do your homework first.

 

　　A. won't

 

　　B. can't

 

　　C. needn't

 

　　D. don't

 

　　7. The boy didn't go to bed _______ he was asked to.

 

　　A. while

 

　　B. since

 

　　C. until

 

　　D. as soon as

 

　　8. Lesson Two is ______ than Lesson One .

 

　　A. much difficult

 

　　B. much more difficult

 

　　C. the most difficult

 

　　D. little difficult

 

　　9. You'd better _______ here any longer.

 

　　A. don't stay

 

　　B. not to stay

 

　　C. to not stay

 

　　D. not stay

 

　　10. It _______ him half an hour to ride a bike to get here.

 

　　A. spent

 

　　B. used

 

　　C. took

 

　　D. paid

 

　　11. Mrs Read doesn't know ______ for her daughter.

 

　　A. what will she buy

 

　　B. which will she buy

 

　　C. to buy what

 

　　D. what she will buy

 

　　12. These childern have never seen snow, _______they?

 

　　A. do

 

　　B. don't

 

　　C. haven't

 

　　D. have

 

　　13. Why _______ shopping at once?

 

　　A. don't go

 

　　B. not go to

 

　　C. didin't go

 

　　D. not go

 

　　14. The Great Wall ______ all over the world .

 

　　A. is being known

 

　　B. was known

 

　　C. has known

 

　　D. is known

 

　　15. My friend has worked in that hospital_________.

 

　　A. since it opened

 

　　B. for it opened

 

　　C. since it opens

 

　　D. since it is open