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cI. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。

被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。

关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注

关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that

whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working

The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..

whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history.

The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.

that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.

She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.

which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.

The picture which was about the accident was terrible.

as 人，物 主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.

This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略

关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which

where 地点 地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which