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2019 There be结构

1. There be句型主要用以表达“某处有某人(某物)，强调存在”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地”，有时为了强调地点，也可把地点状语放在句首。

There is a book on the desk.

On the desk there is a book.

(1)肯定句：“There be+主语(某人/某物)+介词短语”

There are three people in my family. 我家有三口人。

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和两本书。

(2)否定式：“There be +not+主语+介词短语”

There isn’t a boy in the room.房间里没有一个男孩。

There aren’t any books on the desk.书桌上没有书。

注意：“There be句型”的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其他句型一样，在be后加not或no即可。

注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，所以not a/an/any+n，相当于no+n。

There aren’t any pictures on the wall.

=There are no pictures on the wall.

There isn’t a bike behind the tree.

=There is no bike behind the tree.

(3)疑问式：Be there+主语+介词短语?”

肯定回答是：“Yes, there be.”否定回答是：“No, there+be与not的缩写形式”。

—Is there a lamp in your bedroom?在你的卧室里有台灯吗?

—Yes, there is.是的，有。

—Are there any clock in the living room?客厅里有钟吗?

—No, there aren’t.不，没有。

(4)特殊疑问句：一般有两种句型结构

How many+ 名词+are/were there+介词短语?

There’re many children in the park.

How many children are there in the park?

How much+不可数名词+is/was there+介词短语?

There was little rain around the year.

How much rain was there around the year?

2. have表示“某人拥有某人或某物，强调拥有和所属关系”。

The man has two cars.

3. There be句型中的就近原则，即be和距其最近的主语保持一致。

There are some pens and a book on the floor. =There is a book and some pears on the floor.