成都站 中考网-成都站

中考英语中那些常用不规则动词大汇总,记好了,有用!

2015-10-27 15:55:17中考网编辑整理

 
  英语中有许多不规则动词,它们不能简单通过加ed来获得过去式,你知道的这些不规则动词有哪些呢?看看下面的不规则动词变化大全,查漏补缺吧!
 
  ★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下:
 
  一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个)
 
  cost—cost—cost
 
  cut—cut—cut
 
  hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
 
  let—let—let
 
  put—put—put
 
  read—read—read
 
  set—set—set
 
  shut—shut—shut
 
  二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个)
 
  1.过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个)
 
  bring—brought—brought
 
  buy—bought—bought
 
  think—thought—thought
 
  2.词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)
 
  build—built—built
 
  lend—lent—lent
 
  send—sent—sent
 
  spend—spent—spent
 
  3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)
 
  catch—caught—caught
 
  teach—taught—taught
 
  4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个)
 
  keep—kept—kept
 
  sleep—slept—slept
 
  sweep—swept—swept
 
  5.把-ell变为-old。(2个)
 
  tell—told—told
 
  sell—sold—sold
 
  6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)
 
  smell—smelt—smelt
 
  spell—spelt—spelt
 
  feel—felt—felt
 
  spill—spilt—spilt
 
  7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)
 
  learn—learnt—learnt
 
  mean—meant—meant
 
  spoil—spoilt—spoilt
 
  8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个)
 
  say—said—said
 
  pay—paid—paid
 
  lay—laid—laid
 
  hear—heard—heard
 
  9.改变元音字母。(11个)
 
  meet—met—met
 
  get—got—got
 
  sit—sat—sat
 
  find—found—found
 
  hold—held—held
 
  spit—spat—spat
 
  shine—shone—shone
 
  win—won—won
 
  hang—hung—hung
 
  dig—dug—dug
 
  lose—lost—lost
 
  10.改变辅音字母。(1个)
 
  make—made—made
 
  11.改变元、辅音字母。(4个)
 
  leave—left—left
 
  stand—stood—stood
 
  have(has)—had—had
 
  understand—understood—understood
 
  三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个)
 
  1.i—a—u变化。(6个)
 
  begin—began—begun
 
  drink—drank—drunk
 
  sing—sang—sung
 
  ring—rang—rung
 
  swim—swam—swum
 
  sink—sank—sunk
 
  2.词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)
 
  blow—blew—blown
 
  draw—drew—drawn
 
  grow—grew—grown
 
  know—knew—known
 
  throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
 
  3.词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)
 
  drive—drove—driven
 
  write—wrote—written
 
  ride—rode—ridden
 
  rise—rose—risen
 
  4.过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个)
 
  break—broke—broken
 
  choose—chose—chosen
 
  freeze—froze—frozen
 
  speak—spoke—spoken
 
  wake—woke—woken
 
  5.过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个)
 
  forget—forgot—forgotten
 
  6.过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个)
 
  be—was(were)—been
 
  eat—ate—eaten
 
  fall—fell—fallen
 
  give—gave—given
 
  see—saw—seen
 
  hide—hid—hidden(hid)
 
  7.词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个)
 
  take—took—taken
 
  mistake—mistook—mistaken
 
  8.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个)
 
  do—did—done
 
  fly—flew—flown
 
  go—went—gone
 
  lie—lay—lain
 
  show—showed—shown
 
  wear—wore—worn
 
  四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个)
 
  beat—beat—beaten
 
  五、A—B—A型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个)
 
  come—came—come
 
  become—became—become
 
  run—ran—run
 
  六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个)
 
  can—could
 
  may—might
 
  will—would
 
  shall—should
 

 
  ★记忆法二:不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。
 
  一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同:
 
  cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
 
  (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)
 
  二、原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:
 
  beat/beat/beaten
 
  三、原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:
 
  come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
 
  (come,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed)
 
  四、过去式,过去分词相同:
 
  (1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e
 
  meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
 
  (2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t
 
  feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
 
  keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
 
  (3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t
 
  spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
 
  (4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾
 
  catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
 
  buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
 
  (5)将stand改为stood
 
  stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
 
  (6)将ay改为aid
 
  lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
 
  (7)将d改为t
 
  lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
 
  spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
 
  (8)将i改为a,o,u等
 
  sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
 
  dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
 
  (9)将ell改为old
 
  tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
 
  (10)词尾加t
 
  learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
 
  dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
 
  (11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的:
 
  learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
 
  shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
 
  hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
 
  smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
 
  burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
 
  light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
 
  (12)其它
 
  have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
 
  shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
 
  hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
 
  find/found/foundmake/made/made
 
  leave/left/left
 

 
  五、三者均不同:
 
  (1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾
 
  blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
 
  grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
 
  throw/threw/thrown
 
  值得注意的是:
 
  show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
 
  (2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词
 
  begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
 
  ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
 
  swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
 
  (3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾
 
  drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
 
  rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
 
  (4)原形后加n变成过去分词
 
  drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
 
  give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
 
  (5)过去式后加n变成过去分词
 
  break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
 
  freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
 
  steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
 
  take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
 
  (6)其它
 
  be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
 
  go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
 
  wear/wore/worn
 
  六、有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。
 
  wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
 
  sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
 
  七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:
 
  shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:
 
  shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
 
  hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死
 
  八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词
 
  lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)
 
  lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
 
  find找到、发现find/found/found
 
  found创建,成立found/founded/founded
 
  九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆
 
  (一)词义相对:
 
  (1)come/came/come来——go/went/gone去
 
  (2)give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得
 
  (3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
 
  或wake/waked/waked醒来
 
  (4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
 
  sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
 
  (5)buy/bought/bought买——sell/sold/sold出售,卖
 
  (6)take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought带来
 
  (7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
 
  或learn/learned/learned学习、学会
 
  (8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/found/found找到
 
  win/won/won赢得、(获)胜
 
  (9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
 
  (10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送——get/got/got获得、收到
 
  (二)词义相近:
 
  (1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won/won赢得、获胜
 
  (2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
 
  know/knew/known知道,了解,认识
 
  (3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得
 
  become/became/become变成,成为,变得
 
  go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成
 
  (4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过
 
  pay/paid/paid支付、交纳
 
  cost/cost/cost花费、价值为
 
  take/took/taken花费
 
  (5)say/said/said说、讲
 
  speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲
 
  tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定
 
  talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论
 

 
  ★记忆法三:
 
  1.无变化,过去式与原形相同。
 
  let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
 
  (shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
 
  2.元音字母的变化。
 
  i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
 
  i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
 
  (strive→strovearise→arose)
 
  i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
 
  a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
 
  e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
 
  o→a:come→came,become→became
 
  oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
 
  3.元音字母组合的变化。
                              aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
 
  4.元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。
 
  (1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
 
  (2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
 
  (3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
 
  (4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
 
  (5)catch→caught,teach→taught
 
  (6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
 
  5.辅音字母变化。
 
  (1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
 
  (2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
 
  (3)mean→meant,learn→learnt
 
  记住以上内容,英语不提升就怪了!一定要坚持呀!
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页

相关推荐

点击查看更多
热点策划 更多
进入热点策划频道