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2015中考英语知识点复习:语句种类

2015-04-18 16:41:21中考网编辑

  根据句子的使用目的,句子可分为陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句。疑问句是常考的重点,也是要掌握的难点。

  疑问句中我们只讲一讲难掌握的反意疑问句和特殊疑问句.

  反意疑问句: 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句. 如前面陈述句部分是肯定式,后面问句部分一般用是否定式;如前一部分是否定式,后一部分一般用肯定式.前后两部分在人称,数及时态上通常保持一致. 如:You are a student,aren't you?(你是学生,对吗?)

  在祈使句后面用反意疑问句,要注意人称的变化。 如:Go to the cinema,will you?

  在省略的感叹句后面,要注意主语的单复数。 如:What fine weather,isn't it?

  陈述句部分的主语如是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.  如: I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?

  陈述部分用never,hardly,few,nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little 等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义. 如: He seldom came here,did he?

  陈述句部分的谓语是used to时,疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't +主语. 如: He used to go to school at seven, didn't he? / usedn't he?

  陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?  如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

  陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语. 如:You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

  主语是everyone, someone,anyone,no one等不定代词时,多用they 指代. 如:Everyone is here,aren't they?(所有的人都来了吗?)

  主语是everything,something,anthing,nothing时,用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?

  陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

  特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。

  感叹句注意事项:

  感叹句往往由what和how引导。至于what和how的区别则是再好辨别不过了。跟我背一背下面的顺口溜,感叹句你就不再陌生了.

  感叹句用法很简单, How和What放句前, How与形、副词类连, What后面名词添.主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见. 当然,what 感叹句和how 感叹句有时可以互相转换。当What修饰单数可数名词时,如果这一名词有形容词修饰,也可用how引导感叹句,但不定冠词a或an 需放在形容词之后。如:What a large factory = How large a factory it is!

  祈使句: 祈使句所需注意的是:含有第二人称的祈使句的否定句用don't.含有第一、第三人称的祈使句的否定句用 Let+not+动词原形或 Don't let+第三人称代词的宾格或名词。

  强调句:我们学过的强调句是it引导的句子。记住:强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用 "who",其余用"that". 句式是:It is (was) 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。判断一个句子是否是强调句,只需看去掉It be… that是否还是一个完整的句子。

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