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2024年初中英语语法:现在进行时

2023-08-16 10:57:52佚名

现在进行时

look, listen是标志,现在进行正发生。

有时now在句中现,"be+V-ing"时态成。

若问be用何形式,须看主语数、人称。

He/She is,I am , We,you,they后are紧跟。

V-ing形式更好记,三种构成要分清。

一般问句be提前,be后not否定成!

【中考要求】

1.熟练掌握动词现在分词的形式。

2.熟练掌握现在进行时构成和基本用法。

一、现在进行时的概念:

表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或事情。

We are having English class now.

我们正在上英语课。

Look, the man is running after his dog.

看,那个人正在追他的狗。

Listen,our English teacher is telling a joke.

听,我们的英语老师正在讲笑话。

二、现在进行时的构成是

主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式

第一人称单数I+am+doing+sth.

I am listening to music.

我正在听音乐。

第一人称复数We+are+doing +sth.

We are having an English party.

我们正在办一个英语晚会。

第二人称单(复)数You+are+doing+sth.

You are leaving for Shanghai.

你们要去上海了。

第三人称单数He(She,it)+is+doing+sth.

She is watching an touching movie.

她正在看一部感人的电影。

He is doing his homework.

他正在做家庭作业。

第三人称复数They+are+doing +sth.

They are playing football on the playground.

他们正在操场上踢足球。

肯定句

You are playing the piano.

He is doing exercise.

否定句:主语

We are not watching TV.

We are not having dinner.

I am not playing computer games.

一般疑问句

Are you doing your homework?

Are you waiting for me?

Are you telling a lie?

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词

When are you leaving for Shanghai?

What are you eating for lunch?

三、现在进行时的用法:

1.

:当句中出现的表示时间的词是now, at the moment (此刻、现在)等时,表示句子要说明的是现在正在发生的事,动词应用现在进行时。

Linda's brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.

琳达的哥哥现在正在他的卧室里看电视。

We're far from home. What are our parents doing at the moment?

我们现在远离家,我们的父母此刻在干什么呢?

2.

:当句中出现的时间状语是these days, this week, this month等时,如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事,则动词应用现在进行时。

These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.

这些天我们在农场帮农民们干活。

They're having a test this week.

这一周他们在进行一次考试。

Mr. Cheng is visiting our village this month.

这个月程先生在我们村访问。

3.

:现在进行时还有另外一种含义,即它们能表达即将发生的事情,相当于一般将来时。能够用来表示将来状况的动词有:arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work等。

We are leaving on Friday。

我们星期五出发。

Are you going anywhere tomorrow?

你明天准备去哪儿?

A foreign guest is giving a lecture this afternoon。

今天下午一个外国客人将给我们作报告。

4.

.当其与always,forever, continually, constantly等副词连用时表示重复的动作,而这种动作可能使人不满,厌倦或满意。例如:

①She is perpetually interfering in my affairs.

她老是干预我的事。(不满)

②The students are making progress constantly.

学生们在不断进步。(满意)

5.

Look! Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.

看!玛丽亚和汤姆正在树下跳舞。

Listen! Our English teacher is singing the popular English song.

听!我们英语老师正在唱那首流行的英文歌曲。

Many children are swimming in the river. Can't you see?

许多小孩在河里游泳,你难道看不见吗?

6.注意根据上下文的暗示,句子的谓语动词可能应用现在进行时。

— Where is Mr. Wang? 王先生在哪儿?

— Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office.

噢,他正在办公室看报。

(问句询问王先生在哪儿,应说明他现在在哪儿,故答句应说明他现在正在做的事,用现在进行时。)

—Is that boy Jack?那个男孩是杰克吗?

— No,Jack is doing his homework in the classroom.

不是,杰克正在教室做作业呢。

(答句中说明的杰克做作业的情况应发生在现在,应用现在进行时。)

现在进行时的用法:

注意:并不是所有动词都有进行时,一些动词一般在句中不能用现在进行时态,而应用一般现在时。这些动词往往是等表示情感状态、知觉认识、愿望或短暂性的动词。例如:see(明白),know, want, like, hear, have(有), think, hope, hate等。

现在进行时的标志词:

now, this week, at this moment,

look, listen,these days, this month。

词形变化:

(1)直接在谓语动词后加ing.

例如:going, starting, working,looking.

(2)去掉词尾不发音的e,再加ing.

例如leaving,making,coming,writing.

注意:如果单词结尾的e发音,则不能去掉,也直接加ing.

例如:see -seeing/agree - agreeing .

另外,有少数动词比较特殊,请用心记住:

例如:lie - lying/die - dying/tie - tying/picnic - picnicking.

(3)对于重读闭音节词,双写末尾字母再加ing.

例如:sitting, beginning, getting,putting.

这一条规律,必须要弄清什么是“重读闭音节”。下面再举 一些双写的例子:

run – runningstop - stopping

cut – cuttingcontrol - controlling

(4)以ie结尾的把ie变y加ing.

Lie-lying die—dying tie- tying

基础过关

1、Look! He _____their mother do the housework.

A.is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping

【解析】Look是现在进行时的标志词。现在进行时用am,is, are +doing he是第三人称,help不是闭音节不用双写。答案为A。

2.

Don’t talk here. My mother _____.

A.is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep

【解析】根据场景知道用现在进行时,不要说话,我妈妈正在睡觉。My mother是第三人称,is sleeping答案为A。

3.

–When_____he_____back?

– Sorry, I don’t know.

A.does, come B. are coming C. is come D.is coming

【解析】现在进行时可以表示将来。Come, go, leave, stay等动词能用进行时表示将来。

4.

Danny ______. Don’t call him.

A.is writeing B .is writing C. writing D .writes

【解析】根据句意,不要给Danny打电话,他正在写作。现在进行时是am, is, are +doing ,以不发音的e结尾的单词去e加ing.所以答案为B。

5.

_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.

A .Who B .How C.What D.Where

【解析】what…doing是结构。Do是及物动词,所以要用疑问代词作宾语。

6.我在照看孩子.()

A . I am looking after the baby.

B . I’m look aftering the baby.

C. I look am aftering the baby.

D.I looking after the baby.

【解析】现在进行时的构成是am, is , are + doing.

7.你在干什么?()

A. What is you doing?

B. What are you do?

C. What are you doing?

D. What do you do?

【解析】现在进行时的特殊疑问句是what+be +主语+ving。所以答案为C

8.我正在听他说话.()

A.I listening to him.

B. I'm listening to him.

C. I'm listen to him.

D. I'm listening him.

【解析】现在进行时构成为am, is , are +doing. Listen to后面加主语时to不能省略。答案B

能力提高

1. What_________you__________(do)?

【解析】are doing; 你正在做什么。 答案:are \doing

2. I_____________(sing) an English song.

【解析】am singing主语是I,又是现在进行时。答案:am singing

3. What________he____________(mend)?

【解析】他正在修理什么。答案应该是is mending

4.He______________(mend) a car at this moment.

【解析】现在进行时的构成是be ( am, is, are)+doing主语为he所以答案为is mending.

5.______you__________(fly) a kite?Yes,_______.

【解析】我们学了一般现在时和现在进行时,但是放风筝不会是经常性习惯性的动作。用现在进行时。Are flying I am 现在进行时的一般疑问句是把Be动词提前。

6. Look, ______she___________(sit) in the boat?

【解析】look是现在进行时的标志词,is sitting

7.______you_____________(ask) questions at the moment?

【解析】at the moment,此时此刻,你正在问问题吗?现在进行时的一般疑问句。

8. We_______________(play) games now

【解析】有标志词now,表示现在正在,用现在进行时,主语we复数。所以用are playing

9.The studentsare singingin the room.(对划线部分提问)

答案:What are the students doing in the room?

解析:现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语+doing+其它?”或简写为“What......doing......”?句式。

10.

孩子们在跑还是在跳?

答案:Are the children running or jumping?

解析: or连接的是两个并列成分,动词形式须一致。

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